The width and height of the main powerhouse at the Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station are 31.4 m and 88.2 m, respectively. The structural stability of powerhouse is influenced by the spread of seismic wave and vibration effect, which is induced by blasting construction. The safety of powerhouse is controlled by the structural stability during the excavation process. In this paper, the response of blasting vibration for the rock masses of powerhouse during the excavation process is simulated by the dynamical finite element method (FEM). The simulated results show that, the particle vibration velocity and tensile stress at the feet of top arch is very large, and rapidly decreased with the increasing height. The tensile stress at bottom or top of the rock anchor beam is also large, and has a good correlation with the horizontal particle vibration velocity. The particle vibration velocity and tensile stress of the sidewall are decreased with increasing of height difference. Combined with simulated results and field monitoring data, we suggest that the safe particle vibration velocity for surrounding rock mass and anchor concrete are 15 cm/s and 10 cm/s respectively.