多层立体汽车客运站车致振动实测研究

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摘要随着城市化的加速，多层立体客运站已经渐渐成为汽车客运站的主要形式。多层立体客运站拥有寻求向空间发展、多层同时发车、功能层层叠加的等优点，但停车场和发车点设置在客运站内部的楼板上会带来一系列的振动问题。考虑了不同速度、不同车型、不同行驶方式等因素的影响，基于振动实测数据测量分析楼板的动力响应、频谱特性及其影响因素，并对客运站内的功能区进行振动测试和舒适度评价。研究结果表明：车速是整个客运站振动超标的主要原因，而轴重在小幅度增加的情况下振动响应影响不大；刹车（急刹或缓刹）和转弯等情况下的行车方式会导致速度的减小，从而导致竖向振动的减小；当车辆通过办公区域正下方时，办公区域内舒适度会出现超过限值的情况，建议在客运站内部车辆的行驶速度要低于一定的阈值。最后，客运车辆导致的楼板垂车向、顺车向振动存在量级上的差异，因此综合交通枢纽车站的振动舒适度问题可以主要关注竖向振动。

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	谢伟平1
	张辉1
	何卫2

关键词 ：客运车辆荷载, 实测, 时频特性, 舒适度

Abstract：With the acceleration of urbanization, multi-story 3-D bus station has gradually become the main form of bus station. Multi-story bus station has advantages of seeking for space development, multi-story simultaneous departure and layers of functions. However, parking lots and departure points set on floors of the bus station can bring a series of vibration problems. Here, effects of different speeds, vehicle types and driving modes were considered. Based on measured vibration data, dynamic responses, spectral characteristics and influencing factors of floor slabs of a bus station were analyzed, and vibration tests and comfort evaluation were conducted for functional areas of this bus station. Results showed that bus speed is the main reason why vibrations of the whole station exceed the standard, vehicle axial load has little effect on vibration response when it increases slightly; driving modes in case of braking (quick or slow braking) and turning cause decrease in speed so as to reduce vertical vibration; when a vehicle passes directly under an office area, the comfort level inside the office area may exceed the limit value, so vehicle speed should be lower than a certain threshold value inside the bus station; there are differences in magnitude of vibrations in vertical and along vehicle directions caused by passenger vehicles, so the vibration comfort of a comprehensive transportation hub station can mainly focus on vertical vibration.

Key words： passenger vehicle load field measurement time-frequency characteristics comfort level

收稿日期: 2019-01-21 出版日期: 2020-06-28

引用本文:

谢伟平1，张辉1，何卫2. 多层立体汽车客运站车致振动实测研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(13): 238-245.
XIE Weiping1， ZHANG Hui1， HE Wei2. Field measurement for vehicle induced vibration of a multi-story 3-D bus station. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2020, 39(13): 238-245.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I13/238

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