摘 要:为了深入探讨主轴-滚动轴承这种具有接触非光滑因素的系统的失稳机理和分岔的产生机制,本文建立了一个基于Hertz接触力模型的6自由度系统动力学微分方程,对主轴系统从稳定到失稳的机制和途径进行了研究,探讨在非平衡力作用下,具有负游隙的机床主轴-滚动轴承系统的非线性动态特性。研究结果表明,如果轴承的内圈以很低的速度和滚子相接触,随控制参数频数比的变化,会产生擦边分岔。擦边分岔将导致系统响应从倍周期运动转迁为周期运动,从周期运动转迁为拟周期运动,从拟周期运动转迁到混沌。此外,倍周期分岔及环面倍化分岔也是使得主轴系统运动演化为混沌的重要形式。以上研究结果加深了我们对主轴-滚动轴承系统中混沌演化形式的理解,并丰富了机床主轴非线性动态理论的研究和应用。
Abstract: A six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model is presented for the study of the bifurcation of the machine-tool spindle-bearing system in the paper. The dynamics of machine-tool spindle system supported by ball bearings can be described by a set of second order nonlinear differential equations with piecewise stiffness and damping due to the bearing clearance. Numerical results show when the inner race touches the bearing ball with a low speed, grazing bifurcation occurs. The solutions of this system evolve from quasi-periodic to chaotic orbit, from period doubled orbit to periodic orbit, and from periodic orbit to quasi-periodic orbit through grazing bifurcations. In addition, the route of the period-doubling bifurcation to chaos and the tori doubling process to chaos which usually occurs in the impact system are also observed in this spindle-bearing system. These researches rich our understanding to chaos and promote the investigation into nonlinear dynamics theory in the spindle-bearing system and application.