摘 要：齿轮啮合时因刚度变化、缺陷和加工装配误差等各种激励源产生的具有冲击特点的振动能量，在通过“齿轮—轴—轴承—轴承座—金属板”多界面时，其冲击振动能量的损耗与接触界面之间的关系是一个没有解决的难题，迫切需要解决。针对这个问题，本文对振动能量传递多界面进行了定义，并分别从能量峰值和RMS值的角度对冲击振动能量在多界面上传递损耗进行研究，提出了能量保持因子概念，用来描述其能量通过多界面的损耗关系，并通过实验获得了多界面的能量关系与能量保持因子的系数表。试验结果表明，能量保持因子及其能量关系可以用于描述冲击振动能量通过多界面时的传递损耗。

Abstract: The impact energy of gears in meshing is produced by different excitation sources such as machining or mounting errors, time-varying stiffness, and damages in critical components. In order to find the relationship between contact interfaces and the vibration energy delivered to the gear-shaft-bearing-housing-casing multi-interfaces, the definitions of multi-interface, through which the vibration energy is delivered, are provided in this paper. The energy peak value and the energy root mean square (RMS) are investigated. The term energy-maintaining factor is proposed to illustrate the relationships between the contact interfaces and the vibration energy. Finally, a table of factors depicting the relationships between energy on multi-interface and energy-maintaining factor is obtained based on experimental studies. The results show that energy-maintaining factors and the energy relationships can be used to explain the decaying of shock vibration energy in mechanical transmissions.