为了解决桥梁结构健康监测中的传感器优化布置问题，以简支钢桁架梁桥为研究对象，以反映节点自由度模态应变能的系数来修正反映最大线性无关的有效独立法，提出了基于能量系数-有效独立法的传感器优化布置算法，使传感器布置方案进一步优化。实例分析表明，采用本文方法所得的传感器布置方案用多种准则进行评价的结果都较好，既能保证测量振型向量的正交性，又能保证扩阶振型的准确性，并且有较强的抗噪声性能，是一种适合桥梁结构的较为理想的传感器优化布置算法。

In order to solve the problem about optimal sensor placement in bridge structure health monitoring, taking the simply supported steel truss bridge as the study object, the improved optimal sensor placement method based on energy coefficient-effective independence method was proposed, which compensated the weaknesses of the traditional methods. Reflecting the coefficient of the node freedom modal strain energy, the proposed method can modify effective independence method which reflected the maximum linear independence, and further optimize the sensor placement designs. The analysis of an example shows that the evaluations of the designs were good, and the method can ensure the orthogonality of the measurement vibration pattern vector, and can also ensure the accuracy of the expanded order vibration and has better anti-noise ability, which is an ideal method appropriate for the bridge structure.