针对火炮磁流变后坐阻尼器的特点，论文以高冲击、高速环境下的某口径火炮反后坐装置为研究对象，讨论了后坐阻力对火炮静止性和射击稳定性的影响，研究了磁流变阻尼器对火炮后坐运动的控制作用。设计了火炮磁流变后坐阻尼器及冲击试验平台；考虑冲击载荷激励下惯性力的影响，建立了火炮反后坐装置动力学模型并进行了计算仿真，对所设计长行程磁流变阻尼器进行了冲击试验，测试其在冲击载荷下的动态特性，并进行了后坐过程半实物仿真控制。试验结果表明设计的长行程火炮用磁流变阻尼器可有效抑制冲击载荷激励作用，这为进一步实现火炮后坐力与行程控制的一体化设计和工程应用奠定了基础。

According to the gun magnetorheological recoil damper’s characteristics, the research is developed and aims at the recoil part of a gun system under high impact and high-speed environment. The recoil resistance force’s effect on its quiescence and firing stability for the gun is explored in this paper, and its controllability of a magnetorheological damper to the gun recoil part’s movement is also studied. A new gun magnetorheological recoil damper is designed and developed. And a suit of real-time measuring and controlling simulation experimental platform including hardware and software for dynamic response of gun MR recoil damper under impact load is developed. Considering the dynamic of MR damper under impact load, an inertia factor was introduced to its dynamic model for the recoil part of gun system. A shock experiment is done to test the designed long-stroke MR damper’s dynamic performance under impact load. To evaluate the control effect of MR damper on the gun recoil movement during recoil period, a hardware-in-loop simulation and test was finished. The testing results have proved that its recoil’s resistance and stroke for the designed gun MR recoil damper under impact load can be well controlled by changing the applied current, which also established further the basis of integrated design and engineering implementation for the gun recoil force and stroke control.