钻柱纵向振动分析与应用

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振动与冲击 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6) : 229-233.

论文

钻柱纵向振动分析与应用

王文龙1;胡群爱2;刘化伟3;张伟1

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ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION OF DRILL STRING

WANG Wenlong1 ;Hu Qun’ai2; LIU Huawei3;Zhang Wei1

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摘要

利用钻柱纵向振动数学模型，分析了钻柱轴向应力振幅分布曲线和钻柱中最大轴向应力幅频曲线的特征以及钻井液粘度、激励位移、减振器位置对钻杆中最大轴向应力振幅的影响。分析表明：钻柱中轴向应力振幅沿纵向呈波状分布，其最大值在钻柱底部或钻杆中；钻杆中的最大轴向应力振幅随转速的变化曲线呈凹坑形，为了保护钻柱，应该选择凹坑中间的转速带；钻杆中的最大轴向应力振幅和钻柱底部的轴向应力振幅随转速的变化趋势并不完全一致，以后者作为判断钻柱是否共振和优选转速的指标不够准确，而应以前者作为该指标；钻杆中的最大轴向应力振幅与激励位移大致成正比；钻井液粘度越高，钻杆中的最大轴向应力振幅越小；减振器位置可以改变钻柱纵振系统的固有频率，从保护钻柱角度考虑，低转速时，减振器应紧靠钻头安装，高转速时，减振器应与钻头保持一定距离；通过优选钻具组合和转速，防止钻柱共振是预防钻具失效的有效措施

Abstract

Using the mathematical model of longitudinal vibration of drill string, the authors analyzed the characteristics of the axial stress amplitude distribution curve and the maximum axial stress amplitude-frequency curve in the drill string and the impact of drilling fluid viscosity, bit displacement, shock absorber’s installation position on the maximum axial stress amplitude in the drill pipe. Analysis shows that: the axial stress amplitude along the drill string appears in waveforms and the point of the maximum axial stress amplitude is at the bottom of drill string or in drill pipe; the rotary speed-dependent curve of the maximum axial stress amplitude in drill pipe appears at least one pit, and the speed between the margins of the pits should be chose when drilling a well; the variation trend of the maximum axial stress amplitude in drill pipe with rotary speed does not quite fit in with that of the axial stress amplitude at the bottom of drill string with rotary speed, and the former but not the latter should be the target for resonance judging and rotary speed optimizing; the maximum axial stress amplitude in drill pipe varies roughly directly with the bit displacement; the higher viscosity of drilling fluid is, the smaller the maximum axial stress amplitude in drill pipe is; a shock absorber can change the natural frequency of a drill string, and the shock absorber should be fixed close to the bit when drilling with low rotary speed and kept a certain distance with the bit when drilling with high rotary speed to protect the drilling tools more effectively; optimizing make-up of a drill string and rotary speed can prevent drilling tool failure effectively

导出引用

王文龙;胡群爱;刘化伟;张伟. 钻柱纵向振动分析与应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2011, 30(6): 229-233

WANG Wenlong;Hu Qun’ai;LIU Huawei;Zhang Wei. ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF LONGITUDINAL VIBRATION OF DRILL STRING[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2011, 30(6): 229-233