摘 要：运用振动时效对材料应力消减的作用，结合铝合金厚板残余应力消减后的分布及效果，认为振动时效对厚板结构残余应力消减作用有限。而运用位错理论和最小能量法分析，发现振动时效对材料因内部微结构差异而形成应力集中区域的应力松弛释放有所贡献，在一定激振频率和时效时间条件下，完全可以造成材料局部的微屈服，减小了微结构间残余应力水平，从而对板内应力的均匀化过程起到一定效果。借助实验对厚板振动时效前后表面应力强度和板形尺寸稳定性对比发现，振动时效对稳定板形和消减大梯度表面残余应力具有显著作用。

Abstract: Combining VSR(Vibratory Stress Relief) effects in material stress relief and experimental stresses re-distribution in the aluminum alloy thick-plate after VSR, VSR plays a limited role in the thick-plate structural residual stresses relaxation. But energy analysis in dislocation theory proves that VSR has certain effect in stress relief of stress concentration regions caused by material internal micro-structure defects. Under conditions of certain excitation frequency and excitation time, VSR can homogenize the intra-plate stresses since micro-yield of material local regions reduces residual stress level in the micro-regions. Experimental results of surface stresses and shape dimensional stability in thick-plate show that VSR has obvious effects in stabling shape and relaxing surface residual stresses with a great gradient.