全垫升式气垫船破冰过程的数值模拟

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振动与冲击 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (24) : 148-154.

论文

全垫升式气垫船破冰过程的数值模拟

卢再华1，张志宏1，胡明勇1，姚俊2，张辽远3

作者信息 +

Numerical simulation of ice-breaking with amphibian air cushion vehicle

Lu Zai-hua1, Zhang Zhi-hong1, Hu Ming-yong1, Yao Jun2, Zhang Liao-yuan3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

气垫船破冰是指采用大吨位气垫船以临界航速在冰面上航行进行破冰，是一种较新的内河破冰方法，可应用于黄河凌汛灾害的防治领域。本文对浅水厚冰层条件下气垫船破冰过程进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明：临界航速下，气垫船始终位于船首波峰后方，对所兴起的船波起持续的推波作用，在冰面上逐渐兴起幅值较大的船波。冰层在船尾波谷处最先产生纵向裂缝并向前后延伸，向前延伸至船首波峰处时引起冰层横向破裂并扩展，完成一个破冰周期。船身后方的裂缝沿气垫船轴线方向呈号形状，不同破冰周期的横向裂缝交叉后，冰层破裂成三角形的碎冰片。气垫船破冰的不同工作航次应尽量沿同一方向平行进行，使不同航次的裂缝进一步交叉，将冰层破裂成尺度更小的碎冰片。

Abstract

Ice sheet can be broken into small slabs with a heavy air cushion vehicle (ACV) traveling on float ice sheet at the critical speed. Ice-breaking with ACV is a new ice-breaking method in in-land river which has important application in prevention of ice jam flood in the Yellow River. In this paper, the ice-breaking process of ACV is numerical simulated under a shallow water and thick ice sheet condition. According to the simulating results, ACV traveling at the critical speed always chases after and pushes the wave crest ahead of ACV. Thus, the amplitude of the wave around ACV gradually increases due to the continual push of ACV. Initial crack of ice sheet appears at wave trough near the stern of ACV and extends along the axis of ACV in both forward and backward direction. Lateral crack at the wave crest ahead of ACV is arose when the initial crack extend forward to wave crest. An ice-breaking period is finished by ACV accordingly. The cracks behind ACV shaped as an asterisk symbol along the sailing direction of ACV. The ice sheet breaks into triangular slabs when lateral cracks of different ice-breaking periods intersecting with each other. ACV should sails at the same direction parallel in order to cross the cracks of different ACV voyages and break the ice sheet further.

导出引用

卢再华;张志宏;胡明勇;姚俊;张辽远. 全垫升式气垫船破冰过程的数值模拟[J]. 振动与冲击, 2012, 31(24): 148-154

Lu Zai-hua;Zhang Zhi-hong;Hu Ming-yong;Yao Jun;Zhang Liao-yuan. Numerical simulation of ice-breaking with amphibian air cushion vehicle[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2012, 31(24): 148-154