In basis of the classical plate theory, a laminated damping plate model is built. Regarding the plate inlaid in an infinite rigid baffle, the acoustical power and its sensitivity of the structure are obtained using the Rayleigh integral. The topology optimization model for placement of constraint damping material is established with objective function defined as the minimum of acoustical power under the exciting force of the first mode frequency or frequency band, and the design constraint defined as the volume fraction of damping material. According to the evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) method, the topology optimization of damping plate is conducted and the optimal placement of damping material under the volume requirement is found. Compared with the acoustic radiation of plates without constraint damping material and with full constraint damping material, it is concluded that the optimization method adopted in this paper has an effective control on the acoustic radiation of structure in condition of less damping material usage, and provides a crucial theory reference and technical means for the low noise design of structure.