为了开发出一套新型“以塑代钢”PVC护栏,本文根据国内现有的评价标准,通过建立汽车-护栏有限元模型,并结合元胞自动机的拓扑优化方法,展开了对客车碰撞条件下的新型PVC护栏梁板截面耐撞性拓扑优化分析。首先,根据护栏梁板设计理论,在对比Q235与PVC材料力学性能中,得出了增大梁板弯曲刚度的重要因素;其次,利用耐撞性拓扑优化方法,对梁板设计域进行了不同工况下的拓扑优化分析,并得出了PVC护栏梁板拓扑构型;最后,利用仿真软件针对所提取的近“H”型梁板拓扑构型进行了仿真验证分析。分析结果表明:0.25质量分数下的梁板拓扑构型能够对10t客车实现A级防护能力,护栏梁板的最大横向偏移量为785mm,车体X、Y、Z轴的最大加速度分别为6.67g、4.93g、2.16g,均小于评定标准的20g,满足碰撞安全性标准要求。
Abstract
In order to develop a new barrier to satisfy the trend of “plastics to replace steel”, according to current available evaluation standard, the crashworthiness topology optimization analysis was implemented on the PVC barrier by establishing the system of “vehicle-barrier” FEA model and combining the optimization method of cellular automaton. Above all, the key factor to enhance beam bending stiffness was obtained by the material mechanics properties contrast between Q235 and PVC based on the beam design theory. Secondly, the beam topological configuration was acquired by several crashworthiness topology optimization analyses in the beam design domain. Finally, the crashworthiness verification analysis of new configuration in “H” type was gained under the simulation software. The analysis results indicated that the beam topological configuration in 0.25 mass fractions was achieved the protective capability of 10t passenger car in A level, and the maximum lateral displacement of barrier was reached 785mm, the vehicle’s maximum acceleration in X, Y, Z axes were 6.67g, 4.93g and 2.16g, and met the requirements of the acceptance criteria.
关键词
PVC护栏 /
元胞自动机 /
耐撞性 /
拓扑优化
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Key words
PVC barrier /
cellular automaton /
crashworthiness /
topology optimization
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脚注
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