船舶设备遭受强冲击作用时，能够承受的加速度和相对位移幅值都很小，采用隔振器和限位器均不能满足抗冲击要求，此时需要特殊的缓冲元件来存储、吸收大量的冲击能量。基于最优抗冲理论，设计了一种被动式恒力缓冲装置，推导了凸轮滑轨机构受力与弹簧变形之间的关系，在此基础上分析了橡胶垫等效线性刚度、阻尼比对恒力缓冲装置缓冲性能的影响，并与等效线性刚度系统进行了对比。研究结果表明，与等效线性刚度系统相比，该装置明显降低被隔离设备的绝对加速度幅值和相对位移幅值，具有良好的抗冲击性能。研究结论为恒力缓冲装置的设计和应用提供了一定的参考。
Abstract
It is well known that the acceleration amplitude and the relative displacement amplitude of ships equipment acceptable are very small when they are subjected to a strong impact. Under this circumstance, none of the vibration isolator and the displacement restrictor could meet the shock isolation requirements of ship equipments. Therefore, a special shock absorber is necessary which could store and dissipate larger shock energy. Based on the optimal shock isolation theory, a passive constant force shock absorber is developed. The relation between stress of cam sliding rail and spring deformation is obtained. Furthermore, the numerical analysis related to the effects of rubber stiffness and damping ratio on shock isolation performance of the absorber is carried out. The results prove that in comparison with the equivalent linearity shock isolation system, the constant force shock absorber can obviously reduce the absolute acceleration amplitude and the relative displacement amplitude and effectively improve the impact resistance performance. The conclusions provide certain value for reference to the design and application of the constant force shock absorber.
Key words: constant force device; impact resistance performance; damping ratio
关键词
恒力装置 /
缓冲性能 /
阻尼比
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