扣件刚度与阻尼对铁路箱梁车致振动噪声的影响研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (15) : 150-155.

论文

张迅，苏斌，李小珍

作者信息 +

Effect of fastener stiffness and damping on the structure-borne noise of railway box-girder

ZHANG Xun, SU Bin, LI Xiao-zhen

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为了探明扣件刚度和阻尼对箱梁结构噪声的影响，基于车-线-桥耦合振动理论和声学边界元理论，建立了箱梁结构噪声预测的混合有限元-边界元法，并进行现场试验验证。在此基础上，分析了扣件刚度与阻尼对32 m简支箱梁结构噪声的声场分布规律与频谱特性、轮轨相互作用力的影响规律。结果表明：混合有限元-边界元法能较好地预测箱梁结构噪声，结构噪声的峰值频段为40～80 Hz，噪声峰值频率主要受扣件刚度的影响；距地面1.2 m高，近轨侧10～40 m和40～100 m范围内的声压级衰减率为0.29 dB(Lin)/m和0.067 dB(Lin)/m；扣件刚度增加将显著降低梁侧声场的指向角，扣件刚度自10 MN/m增加到100 MN/m时，近轨侧30 m纵断面的声压级平均增加12.5 dB(Lin)，结构噪声和轮轨力的峰值频率均从30 Hz同步增大到67 Hz；扣件阻尼比对梁侧声场的指向性影响较小，扣件阻尼比从0.0625增加到0.5时，近轨侧30 m纵断面的声压级平均降低5.0 dB(Lin)，结构噪声和轮轨力的峰值频率均保持不变。

Abstract

In order to analyze the effect of fastener stiffness and damping on the box-girder noise, a mixed FEM-BEM noise prediction model based on train-track-bridge coupling vibration theory and acoustical BEM theory was built and validated by field test. A 32 m simply-supported box-girder was selected as the case study, the effects of fastener stiffness and damping on the distribution of noise field, characteristics of noise spectra and wheel/rail interaction force were investigated. Results show that the mixed FEM-BEM model is a good predictor, the dominant frequency range of structure-borne noise is 40～80 Hz which mainly depends on the fastener stiffness; the sound pressure levels (SPLs) of the field points with a height of 1.2 m from the ground have an attenuation rate of 0.29 dB(Lin)/m and 0.067 dB(Lin)/m respectively in the distance of 10～40 m and 40～100 m from the nearest track centerline; the direction angle of structure-borne noise decreases significantly with the increase of the fastener stiffness; when the fastener stiffness varies from 10 MN/m to 100 MN/m, the average SPLs increase 12.5 dB(Lin) for the field points in the longitudinal section that has a distance of 30 m from the nearest track centerline, and the peak frequencies of structure-borne noise and wheel/rail interaction force vary from 30 Hz to 67 Hz simultaneously; the fastener damping has little effect on the directivity of the noise field; when the fastener damping ratio varies from 0.0625 to 0.5, the average SPLs decrease 5.0 dB(Lin) for the field points in the longitudinal section that has a distance of 30 m from the nearest track centerline, and the peak frequencies of the structure-borne noise and wheel/rail interaction force remain unchanged.

导出引用

张迅，苏斌，李小珍. 扣件刚度与阻尼对铁路箱梁车致振动噪声的影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(15): 150-155

ZHANG Xun, SU Bin, LI Xiao-zhen. Effect of fastener stiffness and damping on the structure-borne noise of railway box-girder[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 34(15): 150-155

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