为研究风雨共同作用下风力机风雨荷载的大小及分布规律，基于FLUENT软件对2MW水平轴风力机在额定工况下遭受50mm/h暴雨时的风场和风驱雨进行了分析。结果表明：风力机近壁面大量雨滴随风朝两侧分离，仅部分雨滴打击到风力机迎风面，尾流区少量雨滴出现回流并撞击到风力机背风面，冲击到风力机表面的雨滴直径99%在2.5mm以下；气流流经风力机时流场突然发生改变，雨滴速度的调整相对于风速变化存在“滞后”，撞击风力机时雨滴水平末速度不再等于水平风速；风力机在暴雨天气运行时，风轮和机舱的雨荷载可以忽略，但雨滴对塔筒的冲击作用占到塔筒风荷载的12%以上，不可小视。
Abstract
Based on FLUENT software, the wind field and wind-driven rain around a 2MW horizontal axis wind turbine are analyzed under the condition of rated operation and 50mm/h storm. It is shown that a large number of raindrops flow separated from both sides of the wind turbine with the wind, only parts of raindrops impact the windward of wind turbine, some raindrops on the wake area flow back and hit the leeward of wind turbine. 99% of the raindrops impacting the wind turbine are below 2.5mm in diameter. Flow field suddenly changes when airflow flow past the wind turbine, the adjustment of raindrops speed lag from the change of wind speed, causes the final horizontal speed of raindrops no longer equal to the horizontal wind speed. The rain load on wind rotor and nacelle can be ignored when the wind turbine operated in rainstorm weather, but the rain load on the tower should be counted for its value is more than 12% of tower wind load.
关键词
风雨荷载 /
水平轴风力机 /
CFD模拟 /
离散相模拟 /
风驱雨
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