数控机床进给单元滚动结合部轴向动态特性参数识别

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振动与冲击 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (16) : 1-7.

论文

朱坚民，张统超，王健，李孝茹

作者信息 +

Axial dynamic characteristic parameters identification of rolling joints in machine tool feed drive unit

ZHU Jian-min，ZHANG Tong-chao，WANG Jian，LI Xiao-ru

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对现有结合部参数识别方法不能精确识别装配状态下数控机床进给单元滚动结合部动态特性参数问题，提出进给单元装配状态下滚动结合部轴向动态特性参数识别方法。将丝杠简化为弹性杆件以建立简谐力作用下丝杠及工作台的轴向振动方程，基于该方程建立结合部轴向刚度与阻尼参数识别模型；通过实验测量丝杠支撑点间距离、简谐激振力频率及幅值、丝杠轴端截面轴向振动速度幅值等参数建立识别方程组；基于遗传算法优化求解该方程组，识别出滚动结合部轴向动态特性参数。以自行研制的滚珠丝杠进给实验台为研究对象，基于该方法对其左、右端轴承组及滚珠丝杠副结合部轴向刚度、阻尼参数进行识别，并对识别结果的正确性进行实验验证。结果表明所提方法正确的、有效，丝杠轴端截面轴向振动速度幅值理论计算值与实验测试值绝对误差在7.7 um/s以内，参数识别精度较高。

Abstract

In allusion to the problem that the existing joint's parameters identification methods cannot accurately identify the dynamic characteristic parameters of rolling joints in assembled ball screw feed drive unit, a novel method to identify axial stiffness and damping parameters of the rolling joints in assembled ball screw feed drive unit is proposed. This method firstly simplifies the screw as an elastic rod and deduces the axial vibration equations of the feed drive unit with harmonic exciting force exerted on its workbench, and establishes the identification model of the joints' axial stiffness and damping parameters based on the equations; then builds the identification equations by measuring the distance between supporting points of the screw, frequency and amplitude of the harmonic exciting force, and amplitude of axial vibration velocity of the screw end section; finally identifies the axial stiffness and damping parameters of the rolling joints by solving the identification equations using genetic algorithm. With a self-designed ball screw feed drive table determined as research object, the axial stiffness and damping parameters of its ball screw assembly, left and right bearing groups were identified based on the proposed method, and the correctness of identified results was verified by experiment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is correct and effective, and the absolute error of axial vibration velocity between calculated values of screw end section and tested values is within 7.7 um/s, which achieves high identification accuracy.

导出引用

朱坚民，张统超，王健，李孝茹. 数控机床进给单元滚动结合部轴向动态特性参数识别[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(16): 1-7

ZHU Jian-min，ZHANG Tong-chao，WANG Jian，LI Xiao-ru. Axial dynamic characteristic parameters identification of rolling joints in machine tool feed drive unit[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 34(16): 1-7

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