采用合理有效的分解方法获得各路面噪声源对驾驶员耳旁噪声的贡献，对进行车内声学设计具有重要意义。基于多重相干理论，给出了汽车路面噪声多重相干分解方法的基本流程，并采用设定特征阈值去除小特征值的方法降低病态误差。某轿车的路面噪声分解试验显示：左前轮、左后轮、右前轮、右后轮是该轿车路面噪声的四个独立源，分解结果使驾驶员右耳处合成噪声与实测噪声在20~6400Hz频段内仅平均相差约0.4dB(A)。分解结果正确，为新车型的声学设计开发提供了数据源；多重相干方法简便、易用、有效、可靠，为汽车路面噪声的分解提供了有力工具。
Abstract
It is of great significance for the interior acoustical design of a car to obtain noise contributions at the driver’s ears of each road noise source by a reasonable and effective decomposition method. In this paper, multiple coherence method was utilized for road noise of a car, whose procedure was given out. Meanwhile, in order to reduce ill-condition error, some small eigenvalues of the cross-spectral matrix of input signals were restricted by a setting threshold. On that basis, a road noise decomposition experiment was carried out for a car. Results show that on one hand, the left front wheel, the left rear wheel, the right front wheel and the right rear wheel are four independent road noise sources, on the other hand, the mean difference between the noise synthesized from the decomposed contributions and the measured one is only 0.4dB (A) in 20~6400Hz at the driver’s right ear. The correct decomposition results provide data sources for the acoustical design of new cars. The multiple coherence method is simple, easy-to-use, effective and reliable, which provides a powerful tool for the decomposition of road noise.
关键词
路面噪声 /
分解 /
多重相干法 /
试验
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Key words
road noise /
decomposition /
multiple coherence method /
experiment
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