高速列车表面压力测试过程中，压阻式绝压传感器受列车振动冲击激扰，引起传感器输出干扰；同时，车体振动又会引起表面压力变化，导致有用信号与干扰信号难于准确分离。针对现有的经验模态分解（EMD）降噪过程中存在端点效应和模态混叠现象，提出了一种改进的集合经验模态分解（IEEMD），并利用仿真信号进行验证。模型车在单自由度方向振动激励下，运用IEEMD方法对车体表面压力信号进行经验模态分解，再计算各固有模态函数（IMFs）分量自相关函数与原始信号自相关函数的相关性系数，提取振动引起的压力。同时利用CFD计算模型车在同一激励下振动压力，从而分离出振动干扰，并建立振动与振动干扰的回归关系，为准确提取列车表面压力提供理论指导。
Abstract
Piezoresistive pressure sensors were affected by shock and vibration when testing surface pressure of high-speed train, which causes sensors’ output interference. Simultaneously, train vibration would cause the change of surface pressure, leading to separating useful signal from interference signal difficultly and accurately. For the phenomenon of end effects and mode mixing during the process of noise reduction by existing empirical mode decomposition (EMD), an improved ensemble empirical mode decomposition (IEEMD) method was put forward and used this method to validate simulated signals. The model-train was given single degree of freedom vibration excitation. Train surface pressure signal was decomposed by IEEMD, and calculated the correlation coefficients between intrinsic mode functions’ (IMFs) autocorrelation function and original signal autocorrelation function. Thus, the pressure from vibration was extracted. At the same time, vibration pressure was calculated by CFD when model-train was given the same excitation, so vibration interference was separated. This text established the regression relationship between vibration and vibration interference to provide theoretical guidance for extraction of surface pressure accurately.
关键词
高速列车 /
表面压力 /
振动干扰 /
改进EEMD
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Key words
high-speed train /
surface pressure /
vibration interference /
IEEMD
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