提出了基于高压水射流切槽的定向聚能护壁爆破新方法，理论上分析了护壁材料对冲击波的削弱作用并推导出其应力波传播公式，分析了射流缝附近冲击波的叠加效应，并结合热激活理论和微裂纹成核理论，得出爆炸初期微裂纹主要分布在射流缝附近及其端部，而在爆炸中后期，爆生气体的准静态压力场对裂纹的持续扩展起主导作用，并在护壁材料、炸药聚能槽和射流缝的激励机制作用下，根据裂纹扩展模型得出射流缝附近及其端部的裂纹扩展最长；最后，应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件并采用ALE算法对其进行数值模拟，其效果与理论模型基本相符：损伤区域在射流缝方向上明显大于护壁材料保护方向，裂纹在聚能和射流缝方向发育最长。
Abstract
New method of directional blasting is proposed with high pressure water jet, and the role of wall protecting materials theoretically weakening shockwave and the additive effect near jet joint are analyzed when formulas of wave propagation is derived. Combined with heat activation theory and micro-crack nucleation theory micro-crack comes mainly in the vicinity of the jet seam in the initial stage of explosion and quasi-static pressure of detonation gas dominates through the process of continued expansion of the crack in the medium-late stage, and according to the crack propagation model the crack near jet seam or on the end is the longest by the incentive mechanism of wall materials, shaped-charge groove and jet joint; Finally, simulated it by ANSYS / LS-DYNA using ALE. The results are the same as the theoretical model: the damaged area in the direction of the jet seam is greater than that under wall material protection and crack develops longest in jet joint’ direction.
关键词
水射流 /
定向爆破 /
聚能 /
数值模拟
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Key words
water jets /
directional blasting /
cavity energy /
numerical simulation
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参考文献
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