通过与普通隧道进行振动台对比试验,探讨了跨断层隧道的地震响应规律及破坏特点,分析了衬砌裂缝的发展过程、加速度响应、应变大小以及围岩动土压力分布规律。试验结果表明:(1)从应变和破坏现象上看,断层隧道的横断面破坏程度远大于纵向;(2)强地震作用下断层隧道接缝处将产生较大的错动,接缝的错动极大影响隧道安全;(3)衬砌围岩动土压力具有两侧大、上下小的特点,临近破坏时隧道加速度响应将发生突变;(4)衬砌不同位置裂缝的产生和发展方向并不相同,顶部和底部由内向外发展,腰部两侧由外向内发展。以上试验研究结果对断层隧道的抗震设计提供参考。
Abstract
Through comparison of the shaking table tests between common tunnels and cross-fault tunnels, the seismic response law and failure characteristics of the cross-fault tunnels were discussed. Besides, the developing process of lining cracks, acceleration response, strain magnitude and distribution regularities of surrounding rock pressure in such tunnels were investigated. Comparative results show the following characteristics: (1)Judging from strain and damage phenomenon, the cross-sectional extent of the fault tunnel is much larger than that in the longitudinal direction.(2)When encountering strong earthquakes, large dislocation will emerge at the construction joints, joint dislocation greatly affects the security of tunnel. (3)The surrounding rock pressure of the lining is bigger at waist while smaller at the top and bottom, the acceleration response of tunnel will occur mutation near the destruction.(4)The generation position and development direction of different lining location cracks are not the same. The cracks at the top and bottom grow from the inside to the outside. However, those at the two sides grow in the opposite way. The above analytical results can provide beneficial reference to the seismic design of the cross-fault tunnels.
关键词
断层隧道 /
裂缝 /
加速度响应 /
应变 /
围岩动土压力
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Key words
cross-fault tunnels /
crack /
acceleration response /
strain /
surrounding rock pressure
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