在载荷的作用下，角接触球轴承的接触角会产生变化，从而影响轴承支撑刚度。本文针对某型号车用混合陶瓷球轴承涡轮增压器，建立考虑密封结构及叶顶间隙气流激振的涡轮增压器混合陶瓷球轴承-转子系统动力学模型，在加速和减速两种工作状态下，分析考虑轴承载荷作用时转子系统的瞬态响应规律。结果表明：轴承载荷作用使轴承支撑刚度减小时，压气机质心振幅变化小且有增有减，涡轮质心振幅均增加。在涡轮增压器混合陶瓷球轴承-转子系统设计参数许可范围内，轴承载荷变化使接触角变化、轴承刚度变化，导致涡轮增压器瞬态响应振幅的变化较小。
Abstract
Under the action of loads, the contact angle of angular contact ball bearing can be changed, and then affect the bearing support stiffness. For a certain type of vehicle turbocharger with hybrid ceramic ball bearing, a turbocharger ball bearing-rotor dynamics system model considering seal structures and tip clearance gas excitation was established. Under acceleration and deceleration two working conditions, turbocharger’s rotor transient response rules were analyzed considering the bearing load. The results showed that considering the bearing load to reduce the stiffness of the bearing support, the variation of the compressor centroid was small but may be increase or decrease, while the amplitude of the turbine centroid increased only. If the design parameters of the turbocharger hybrid ceramic ball bearing - rotor system in the permitted range, the change of the transient response amplitude of the turbocharger effected by the bearing load changes leading to changes in the contact angle and the bearing stiffness would be small.
关键词
涡轮增压器 /
转子动力学 /
轴承刚度 /
瞬态响应
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Key words
turbocharger /
rotor dynamics /
bearing stiffness /
transient response
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