变工况下角接触球轴承保持架稳定性分析

姚廷强,王立华,刘孝保,黄亚宇

振动与冲击 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (18) : 172-180.

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振动与冲击 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (18) : 172-180.
论文

变工况下角接触球轴承保持架稳定性分析

  • 姚廷强,王立华,刘孝保,黄亚宇
作者信息 +

Dynamic stability analysis on the cage of ball bearing under varying working environment

  • YAO Tingqiang, WANG Lihua , Liu Xiaobao , HUANG Yayu
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

复杂变工况条件下旋转机械系统中滚动轴承表现出复杂的动力学特性,更容易产生故障或破坏;考虑间隙碰摩、润滑拖动作用和多体动态接触关系,探索了变工况下球轴承多体接触动力学特性。基于套圈滚道圆环的几何结构方程,建立并实现了运转状态下钢球和套圈的三维接触力学模型和动态接触力的预测搜索算法;考虑钢球和保持架的三维动态间隙碰摩和润滑拖动作用,保持架和引导套圈的等效短滑动轴承的润滑拖动作用,建立球轴承多体接触动力学模型;运用广义-α方法计算分析了变工况下角接触球轴承的动力学特性和保持架运动稳定性,获得变预紧量、变速度、变载荷等工况下球轴承的三维空间运动轨迹、动态作用力、振动加速度及频谱等动力学响应。计算结果表明:内外圈均旋转时,由于启动加速过程中的速度和载荷冲击作用,球轴承存在较大的作用力和振动位移,稳定后的主振频率是自由旋转套圈的转速频率;预紧量的增加,保持架的振动位移仅在内圈受固定径向力作用时明显减小;旋转径向力作用时保持架中心的运动轨迹是近似圆柱面的涡动运动规律。

Abstract

The dynamic characteristics of rolling bearings in rotating machinery under varying working environment are complex, to which failures and damages are susceptible.Considering the effects of clearance, impact and lubrication on the multibody dynamic contact, the multibody dynamics characteristics of ball bearings under varying working conditions were discussed.A three-dimensional contact dynamics model was established based on the geometric structural equations of ring races, and the searching algorithm for prediction of dynamic contact force was designed.A three-dimensional dynamic model of balls together with the cage was also established with consideration of the clearance, impact and lubrication and the relative action between the cage and guide ring was assumed to be equivalent to a short sliding bearing.Then the multibody contact dynamics model of angular contact ball bearings was constructed and solved by using generalized-α algorithms under varying working conditions.The three-dimensional motion trajectories, dynamic forces, vibration accelerations and FFT spectrums of ball bearings were achieved.In the starting stage, the forces and vibration displacements are larger because of the initial speed and load impact, when the inner and outer rings are both in rotating condition.In the stationary stage, the key vibration frequencies are the angular frequencies of the freely rotating rings.The displacement of cages center is deceasing only when the radial force on the inner ring keeps constant.The three-dimensional motion trajectories of cages center are approximately the whirling motion of an cylindrical surface.

关键词

接触动力学 / 变工况 / 保持架 / 滚动轴承 / 多体动力学

Key words

contact dynamics / varying working environment / cage / rolling bearing / multibody dynamics

引用本文

导出引用
姚廷强,王立华,刘孝保,黄亚宇. 变工况下角接触球轴承保持架稳定性分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(18): 172-180
YAO Tingqiang, WANG Lihua,Liu Xiaobao,HUANG Yayu. Dynamic stability analysis on the cage of ball bearing under varying working environment[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(18): 172-180

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