为满足发电、泄洪、冲沙、灌溉等需求，坝体往往设有引水发电孔、泄洪中孔、溢流表孔、冲沙底孔等，而这些孔口的存在将显著影响坝体结构的整体抗爆性能。通过建立含孔口坝体、炸药、库水、空气和坝基全耦合模型，对比分析了挡水坝段、引水发电坝段、泄洪中孔坝段、冲沙底孔坝段在水下爆炸冲击荷载作用下的毁伤破坏过程、空间分布规律及毁伤特性，研究坝身孔口对混凝土重力坝动态响应、抗爆性能及毁伤发展过程的影响。结果表明：坝身孔口对大坝的抗爆安全性能具有重要的影响；当炸药起爆位置位于孔口附近时，将使大坝孔口部位产生严重的毁伤破坏。
Abstract
In order to meet the demand for electricity, flood control, sediment-release, irrigation, etc., many orifices have been set in dams. However, the presence of these orifices will significantly impact the antiknock performance of dams. A fully coupled model considering the effects of the orifices-charge-reservoir-air-foundation interaction is established.The failure process, spatial distribution and characteristics of damage for power monolith, flood-discharging monolith and sediment-discharging bottom outlet monolith are compared with those from water retaining monolith. The effects of the orifices on dynamic response, antiknock performance and damage evolution on concrete gravity dams are discussed. The results show that the orifice in the dam have significantly influence on the antiknock safety performance of concrete gravity dams. When the detonation position of the charge near the orifice, the shock wave will cause serious damage to the dam around the orifice zone.
关键词
混凝土重力坝 /
孔口 /
水下爆炸 /
毁伤特性 /
全耦合模型
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Key words
concrete gravity dam /
orifices /
underwater explosion /
damage characteristics /
fullycoupled model
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