即使未发生砰击振动和显著非线性波激振动，船体由较低频波浪诱导产生的振动响应中依然存在高频振动分量且高频振动衰减缓慢。从单自由度系统简谐激励振动理论入手，指出响应解析解中常被忽略的伴随自由振动项是导致高频振动的一个因素，在系统阻尼较小、自振频率较低时瞬态响应成分短时间内难以衰减，推导了位移、速度、加速度和内力响应中高频成分的占比规律。分析了波浪载荷作用于船体时 “时变、场变” 的性质，及船舶小阻尼系统的特点，认为伴随自由振动在波浪载荷激励振动响应预报领域中有重要地位，对比时域法和频域法在理论基础上的差异，发现了时域法在处理该问题时的优越性。通过对双体船进行数值仿真，结合海浪资料对该船16个航行工况的振动响应进行预报，结果表明各振动响应中均存在稳态高频分量且占比较高，得出了高频分量与频率比关系的规律性结论，为时域中波激振动的进一步研究提供了思路。
Abstract
Although slamming vibration and significantly nonlinear wave-induced vibration have not occurred, in thevibration response of the hull induced by low-frequency wave load, there still exists high-frequency vibration components, which decay slowly. Based on single-degree of freedom system harmonic excitation vibration theory, paper points out the associated free vibration which item is often overlooked in the response analytical solution is one factor of high-frequency vibration factors, transient response component is difficult to decay when system damping is small and natural frequency is low,accounting laws are derived on high-frequency components of internal force response of displacement, velocity, acceleration and force. The characteristic of wave loads are "time-changing and field-changing" when act on ships is analyzed, reputing associated free vibration play an important role in the prediction field of vibration response excited by wave load, compared theoretical differences of time domain and frequency domain method, discovered the advantages of time-domain method in dealing with this issue.Vibration responses under 16 sailing conditions are forecasted by numerical simulation of catamaran combining with wave data, the results show the presence of high-frequency components in each of the vibration response are both steady-state and high-proportion, relationship regularity conclusions between high-frequency component and frequency ratio are obtained, which provide a guideline in further study on wave-induced vibration in time domain.
关键词
伴随自由振动 /
动力响应 /
高频振动 /
时域法 /
非线性 /
波激振动
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Key words
associated free vibration /
dynamic response /
high-frequency vibration /
time domain method /
nonlinear /
wave-induced vibration
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