万向轴动不平衡检测的改进DTCWT-SVD方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (22) : 142-151.

论文

何刘 1，林建辉 1，刘新厂1，黄衍1

作者信息 +

Detection of the dynamic imbalance with cardan shaft applying the improving DTCWT-SVD

HE Liu 1 LIN Jianhui 1 LIU Xingchang 1 Huang yan 1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

针对经典小波和双树复小波(Dual-tree complex wavelet transform，DTCWT)频率泄露和混叠的根本缺陷，提出改进DTCWT算法，该算法解决了经典小波存在负频率以及经典小波和DTCWT滤波器频率不完全截止问题。将改进DTCWT算法和奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition, SVD)引入到万向轴动不平衡检测中，该方法的核心是：对万向节安装机座的振动信号进行改进DTCWT变换得到不同尺度的分解信号，对低频近似信号进行奇异值分解，以奇异值关键叠层作为奇异值的选择准则对信号进行重构，应用重构信号的傅里叶谱来检测高速列车万向轴的动不平衡。该方法在消除经典小波变换和DTCWT频率混叠的同时提高谱线清晰度，凸显故障特征。应用万向轴动不平衡试验数据对该方法进行试验验证，结果表明：改进DTCWT-SVD能够很好提取出万向轴动不平衡故障特征频率的基频、倍频，与经典小波、DTCWT、纯改进DTCWT相比，该方法在谱的清晰度和故障表征力上得到了显著提高。

Abstract

A new improving algorithm of the dual tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) is proposed aiming at the leakage frequency and aliasing defect existing in classical wavelet transform and DTCWT. The improving algorithm solves the problem of negative frequencies existing in classic wavelet and the problem of the frequency of filter being incomplete cutoff in classic wavelet transform and DTCWT. The improving DTCWT and singular value decomposition (SVD) was introduced into the dynamic imbalance detection of cardan shaft. The vibration signals of gimbal installed base were decomposed through the improving DTCWT to get the different scale decomposition signal. The signal of low-frequency approximation was decomposed by the singular value decomposition, the key singular value were selected to reconstruct to vibration signal based on the key stack of singular value. Fourier spectrum of the reconstructed signal was applied to detect dynamic imbalance with shaft and eliminated unbalanced fault submerged defects, highlighted the failure characteristics. The method was verified by test data in the condition of dynamic imbalance, the results showed the method of improving DTCWT-SVD can effectively detect the fundamental frequency and frequency multiplication caused by cardan shaft dynamic imbalance. With the comparisons among the classical wavelet transform, the DTCWT and the simple improving DTCWT, the clarity and failure characterization force have been significantly improved by using improving DTCWT-SVD.

导出引用

何刘 1，林建辉 1，刘新厂1，黄衍1. 万向轴动不平衡检测的改进DTCWT-SVD方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(22): 142-151

HE Liu 1 LIN Jianhui 1 LIU Xingchang 1 Huang yan 1. Detection of the dynamic imbalance with cardan shaft applying the improving DTCWT-SVD[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(22): 142-151

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