基于叶尖定时技术的叶轮叶片动态监测研究现状

PDF(1598 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5) : 96-102.

论文

范博楠，张玉波，王海斗，徐滨士

作者信息 +

Research State of Dynamic Monitoring for Blades of Impellers Based on Blade Tip-Timing

FAN Bonan, ZHANG Yubo, WANG Haidou, XU Binshi

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

叶轮作为旋转机械的核心部件之一，在复杂恶劣的工况中容易使叶片产生振动，进而引发疲劳断裂等失效形式，因此对叶片振动进行状态监测具有重要意义。非接触式的叶尖定时技术具有同时监测整级叶片的优势，为叶片振动及损伤诊断提供了有效方式。本文从叶尖定时传感、叶片振动及损伤监测等三个方面对国内外研究现状进行综述，总结了当前研究中存在的不足，并就叶尖定时技术及叶片健康监测的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract

As one of the key parts of rotating machinery, blades of impellers working in complex and bad condition suffer from vibration load easily, which can lead to blade failure such as fatigue fracture, and threaten the safety of the whole machine. In order to avoid the dangerous situation, it is meaningful to monitor the vibration of blades dynamically. Nowadays, as the most promising non-contact method, tip-timing has the ability of monitoring the entire series of blades, providing an effective means for vibration and damage diagnosis of blades. This paper gives a summary of research state in the fields of tip-timing sensing, vibration and damage monitoring of blades, and some insufficiencies are illustrated as well. At the end, the future development of tip-timing and blade heath monitoring is forecasted.

关键词

叶片振动 / 损伤监测 / 裂纹 / 叶尖定时

引用本文

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

导出引用

范博楠，张玉波，王海斗，徐滨士. 基于叶尖定时技术的叶轮叶片动态监测研究现状[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(5): 96-102

FAN Bonan, ZHANG Yubo, WANG Haidou, XU Binshi . Research State of Dynamic Monitoring for Blades of Impellers Based on Blade Tip-Timing[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(5): 96-102

参考文献

[1] Xiong Xinhong, Zhang Haiou, Wang Guilan et al. Hybrid plasma deposition and milling for an aeroengine double helix integral impeller made of superalloy[J]. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2010, 26(4): 291-295.
[2] Qu S, Fu C M, Dong C et al. Failure analysis of the 1st stage blades in gas turbine engine[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2013, 32: 292-303.
[3] Punit S, Franz N. Internal hydraulic analysis of impeller rounding in centrifugal pumps as turbines[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2011, 35(1): 121-134.
[4] Sivaprasad S, Narasaiah N, Das S. K et al. Investigation on the failure of air compressor[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2010, 17(1): 150-157.
[5] 张锦, 刘晓平. 叶轮机振动模态分析理论及数值方法[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版, 2001: 4.
Zhang Jin, Liu Xiaoping. Principle and numerical methods of modal analysis to turbomachines[M]. Beijing: National Defence Industry Press, 2001: 4.
[6] Leea B W, Suha J, Leea H et al. Investigations on fretting fatigue in aircraft engine compressor blade[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2011, 18(7): 1900-1908.
[7] Poursaeidi E, Babaei A, Behrouzshad F et al. Failure analysis of an axial compressor first row rotating blades[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2013, 28: 25-33.
[8] Li L, Li Y H, Liu Q K. Flapwise non-linear dynamics of wind turbine blades with both external and internal resonances[J]. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 2014, 61: 1-14.
[9] Poursaeidi E, Babael A, Mohammadi A et al. Effects of natural frequencies on the failure of R1 compressor blades[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2012, 25: 304-315.
[10] Zhang Kui, Li Yuhua, Philip S et al. Feature selection for high-dimensional machinery fault diagnosis data using multiple models and radial basis function networks[J]. Neurocomputing, 2011, 74(17): 2941-2952.
[11] Anindya G, Mannur J. S, Mark J. S et al. Structural health monitoring techniques for wind turbine blades[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2000, 85(3): 309-324.
[12] Roy N, Ganguli R. Helicopter rotor blade frequency evolution with damage growth and signal processing[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2005, 283(3-5): 821-851.
[13] 葛永庆, 刘江, 安连锁. 汽轮机叶片振动非接触测量技术综述[J]. 华北电力大学学报, 2006, 33(3): 54-58.
Ge Yongqing, Liu Jiang, An Liansuo. Review on noncontact measurement technologies for turbine blades vibration[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University, 2006, 33(3): 54-58.
[14] Imregun M, Heath S. An improved single-parameter tip-timing method for turbomachinery blade vibration measurements using optical laser probes[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1996, 38(10): 1047-1058.
[15] Bendali S, Joseph L, Marc B. Identification of modal parameters and aeroelastic coefficients in bladed disk assemblies[J]. Mechanical Science and Signal Processing, 2009, 23(6): 1894-1908.
[16] 张玉贵. 烟气轮机叶片振动的非接触式在线监测关键技术研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2008.
Zhang Yugui. Key Technology Research on Non-contact Online Monitoring for Fume Turbine Blade Vibration[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2008.
[17] 欧阳涛. 基于叶尖定时的旋转叶片振动检测及参数辨识技术[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2011.
Ouyang Tao. Rotating Blade Vibration Detection and Parameters Identyfication Technique Using Blade Tip-timing[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2011.
[18] 王宇华. 高速旋转叶片振动叶端定时测量方法和系统研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2003.
Wang Yuhua. Research of Measuring Methods and System Using Tip-timing for High-Speed Rotating Blade Vibration[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2004.
[19] Oberholster A. J, Heyns P. S. Online condition monitoring of axial-flow turbomachinery blades using rotor-axial eulerian laser doppler vibrometry[J]. Mechanical Science and Signal Processing, 2009, 23(5): 1634-1643.
[20] 韩敬宇. 基于声发射技术的风电叶片裂纹无线监测系统研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2010.
Han Jingyu. Research of Wind Turbine Blade Crack Wireless Monitoring System Based on Acoustic Emission Technologe[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2010.
[21] 孙红岩, 谢志江, 陈平. 叶轮机械叶片故障的叶间动态压力诊断法[J]. 动力工程, 2005, 25(4): 563-566.
Sun Hongyan, Xie Zhijiang, Chen Ping. Diagnosing Blade Faults in Machinery by Probing the Fluid’s Dynamic Pressure in the Blade Path[J]. Journal of Power Engineering, 2005, 25(4): 563-566.
[22] Cao Huimin, Chen Youping, Zhou Zude et al. The Theoretical and experimental study on the optical fiber bundle displacement sensors[J]. Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 2007, 136(2): 580-587.
[23] 方志强. 叶尖定时传感器及叶片振动信号处理技术的研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2004.
Fang Zhiqiang. Research on Tip-timing Sensor & Processing Technique for Vibration Signal of Blade[D]. Tianjian: Tianjian University, 2004
[24] Chen Zhongsheng, Yang Yongmin, Xie Yong et al. Non-contact crack detection of high-speed blades based on principal component analysis and Euclidian angles using optical-ﬁber sensors[J]. Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 2013, 201: 66-72.
[25] Craip P. L, Paul C. L. Tubomachinery blade vibration amplitude measurement through tip timing with capacitance tip clearance probes[J]. Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 2005, 118(1): 14-24.
[26] Wu Fei, Liang Lei, Xing Junya et al. Blade tip timing vibration monitoring method based on fiber bragg grating[J]. Photonic Sensors, 2014, 4(2): 188–192.
[27]Maddelena V, Qin X, Olivier H et al. New microwave sensor for on-line blade tip timing in gas and steam turbines[C]. Proceedings of APMC, Taiwan, China, 2012: 1055-1057.
[28] 陶春虎, 钟培道, 王仁智, 等. 航空发动机转动部件的失效与预防[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2000: 40.
Tao Chunhu, Zhong Peidao, Wang Renzhi et al. Failure Analysis and Prevention for Rotor in Aero-Engine[J]. Beijing: National Defence Industry Press, 2000: 40.
[29] Dimitriadis G, Carrington I. B, Wright J. R et al. Blade-tip timing measurement of synchronous vibrations of rotating bladed assemblies [J]. Mechanical Science and Signal Processing, 2002, 16(4): 599-622.
[30] Bendail S, Joseph L, Marc Bey et al. Modal parameter identification of mistuned bladed disks using tip timing data[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2008, 314(3-5): 885-906.
[31] 张玉贵, 段法阶, 方志强, 等. 间断相位法测量叶片同步振动幅值的研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2008, 27(10): 183-186.
Zhang Yugui, Duan Fajie, Fang Zhiqiang et al. Measuring Synchronous Vibration of Rotating Blades Using Discontinuous Phase Method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2008, 27(10): 184-186.
[32] 李孟麟, 段发阶, 欧阳涛, 等. 基于叶尖定时的旋转机械叶片振动频率辨识ESPRIT方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2010, 29(12): 18-21.
Li Menglin, Duan Fajie, Ou Yangtao et al. ESPRIT Method for Blade Vinration Frequency Identification in Rotating Machinery based on Blade Tip-Timing Measurement[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2010, 29(12): 18-21.
[33] 欧阳涛, 段发阶, 李孟麟, 等. 恒速下旋转叶片同步振动辨识方法[J]. 天津大学学报, 2011, 44(8): 742-746.
Ouyang Tao, Duan Fajie, Li Menglin et al. Method for Identification Rotating Blade Synchronous Vibration at Constant Speed[J]. Journal of Tianjin University, 2011, 44(8): 742-746.
[34] Pierre B, Régis L. Nonintrusive turbomachine blade vibration measurement system[J]. Mechanical Science and Signal Processing, 2007, 21(4): 1717-1738.
[35] 张玉贵, 段发阶, 方志强, 等. 旋转叶片异步振动的频率识别技术[J]. 振动与冲击, 2007, 26(12): 106-108.
Zhang Yugui, Duan Fajie, Fang Zhiqiang et al. Frequency Identification Technique for Asynchronous Vibration of Rotating Blades[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2007, 26(12): 106-108.
[36] 欧阳涛, 段发阶, 李孟麟, 等. 旋转叶片异步振动全相位FFT辨识方法[J]. 振动工程学报, 2011, 24(3): 268-272.
Ouyang Tao, Duan Fajie, Li Menglin et al. A Method for Identification Rotating Blade Asynchronous Vibration by All-Phase FFT[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2011, 24(3): 268-272.
[37] Pavel P, FrantiŠek V. New methods of non-contact sensing of blade vibrations and deflections in turbomachinery[C]. IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference(I2MTC). Minneapolis, USA, 2013: 1109-1114.
[38] Maio D. D, Ewins D. J. Experimental measurements of out-of-plane vibrations of a simple blisk design using blade tip timing and scanning LDV measurement methods[J]. Mechanical Science and Signal Processing, 2012, 28: 517-527.
[39] 李勇, 胡伟, 王德友, 等. 非接触式转子叶片振动测试技术应用研究[J]. 航空动力学报, 2008, 23(1): 21-25.
Li Yong, Hu Wei, Wang Deyou et al. Investigation and Application of Contact Rotor Blade Vibration Measurement Technique[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2008, 23(1): 21-25.
[40] Regiane F P, Thierry C, Jean-Luc R et al. Cavitation erosion; Fluid/material coupling; Elastoplastic constitutive equation; Profilometry; Damage modeling; Damage testing[J]. Wear, 2013, 300(1-2): 205-215.
[41] Ivan F, Tomάš J. The relation between the rate of erosion wear of a pitched blade impeller and its process characteristics[J]. Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2011,89(10): 1929-1937.
[42] Spanrad S, Tong J. Characterisation of foreign object damage (FOD) and early fatigue crack growth in laser shock peened Ti–6Al–4V aerofoil specimens[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A-Structural Materials Properties Microst, 2011, 528(4-5): 2128-2136.
[43] Seyed M M, Mehdi T. Foreign object damage on the leading edge of gas turbine blades[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2014, 33(1): 65-75.
[44] Lina B, Luptona C, Spanrada S et al. Fatigue crack growth in laser-shock-peened Ti-6Al-4V aerofoil specimens due to foreign object damage[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2014, 59: 23-33.
[45] Yogesh P, Anand P. Failure path based modified gear mesh stiffness for spur gear pair with tooth root crack[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2013, 27: 286-296.
[46]Madhavan S, Jain R, Sujatha C et al. Vibration based damage detection of rotor blades in a gas turbine engine[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2014, 46: 26–39.
[47] Aninda B, Venkatesh R, Ajay B et al. System to monitor blade health in axial flow compressors[C]. 2011 IEEE Prognostics and Health Management, Montreal, Canada, 2011: 1-7.
[48] Chen Z S, Yang Y M, Guo B et al. Blade damage prognosis based on kernel principal component analysis and grey model using subsampled tip-timing signals[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2014, 228(17): 1-8.