超期服役大跨海港钢栈桥结构动力特性方面的研究较少。采用现场测试与有限元数值模拟分析相结合的方式，对106m跨度的超期服役大跨海港钢栈桥结构的动力特性进行了系统研究，明确了不同激励方式对结构模态测试结果的影响程度，测试得到了超期服役的106m跨度的典型简支下承式抛物线型空腹钢桁架栈桥的动力特征参数，并根据三年的栈桥结构固有频率测试结果，基于结构固有频率变化对栈桥结构的安全状态进行了评估。试验与分析结果表明：初速度激励法、初位移激励法与脉动测试法测试得到的栈桥固有频率基本相同，因此，结构模态测试时，可根据现场的测试条件灵活选取三种激励测试方式，结果是一致的。现场实测得到的栈桥模态参数表明，栈桥结构的阻尼比不超过0.03，其竖向一阶固有频率在1.70Hz左右，竖向一阶振型具有一个振型节点，这是典型简支下承式抛物线型空腹钢桁架结构振动特性的特殊之处。根据三年的栈桥结构固有频率测试结果及变化规律，评估超期服役栈桥结构的安全状态是良好的，结论与现场外观检测的结果一致。以上工作和结论可为类似码头的简支下承式抛物线型空腹钢桁架栈桥的动力特性测试及结构安全检测评估提供一定的经验参考。
Abstract
There is little study on the dynamic properties of long-span steel trestle under extended service in sea port. According to the field modal testing and the calculation analysis of finite element numerical simulation, the dynamic properties of long-span steel trestle with a span of 106m under extended service in sea port are studied, and the influence of different exciting ways to the results of modal parameters identification is cleared. Then the modal parameters of steel trestle with a span of 106m under extended service were obtained, which is typical simply-supported through-type parabolic vierendeel truss structure. Based on the natural frequencies of steel trestle obtained in three years, the safety state of the trestle is assessed with the variety of natural frequencies of the trestle. The filed test results and their analysis show that the results of trestle natural frequencies obtained by the ambient measurement are same as that obtained by the initial velocity exciting method and the initial displacement exciting method. So the three test methods can be selected freely based on the field conditions when carrying out the structural modal test, because the results obtained by the three methods are same. Based on the modal parameters of trestle obtained by the field test, it is clear that the damp ratio of trestle is not more than 0.03, the first mode natural frequency in vertical is about 1.70Hz, and its first mode vibration shape has a node of vibration mode. All the above are the big pictures of the simply-supported through-type parabolic vierendeel steel truss structure. The safety state of trestle is thought good based on the safety assessment with the natural frequencies of trestle obtained in three years, and the conclusion is same as the visual inspection result of trestle. The work and conclusions above can provide experience reference for engineer to carry out modal test and safety inspection assessment of simply-supported through-type parabolic vierendeel steel truss trestle of oil wharf.
关键词
模态参数识别 /
钢桁架结构 /
栈桥 /
油码头 /
安全评估
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Key words
modal parameters identification /
steel truss structure /
trestle /
oil wharf /
safety assessment
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