为研究双开槽箱梁断面桥梁的抗风性能，并提出合理的颤振和涡振气动控制措施，本文以拟建的某钢箱梁悬索桥为研究对象，开展了一系列的节段模型风洞试验，并结合二维三自由度方法和CFD数值模拟分别分析了不同措施下颤振和涡振机理的改变。研究表明，相比于单箱梁断面，双开槽断面能有效的改善颤振性能；防撞栏杆基座的有无，对该类桥的颤振临界风速影响显著；中央稳定板作为改善颤振稳定性的常用手段，对提高双开槽断面颤振临界风速同样适用，且在一定范围内，临界风速与稳定板高度正相关；二维三自由度分析结果显示，中央稳定板和较优形式的栏杆均能减缓气动阻尼随风速的变化趋势。针对开槽引起涡振的问题，尝试采用各种控制措施，试验证明：均匀间隔的纵向格栅能有效的抑制涡振。结合CFD模拟，其根本原因为纵向格栅明显改变了流场绕流特性，阻碍了大规模涡脱的形成。
Abstract
To understand the flutter and vortex-induced vibration(VIV) performance of the bridge deck with double-slots and to propose feasible control measures, a sectional wind tunnel test was carried out based on a steel-box suspension bridge which was been planned. Afterwards, 2d-3DOF method and CFD simulation were introduced respectively to understand flutter and VIV mechanisms. The results show that, double-slotting is an effective method to improve the flutter performance of a steel-box deck. According to this section, the type of railings, with or without pedestal, influences the critical wind speed significantly. Besides, central stabilizer, as a conventional control alternative, also has a positive impact on bridge’s stability. In a certain range of height, the section with a higher plate will perform better. As is shown by 2d-3DOF method, both central stabilizer and optimized railing can slow down the increasing of aerodynamic damping with wind speed. Since VIV often occurs with a slotting deck, various measures have been taken into account in the test, while the equidistant grating is proved to be more efficacious. By CFD simulation, the essential mechanism is that grating changes the flow field notably, avoiding large-scale vortex shedding.
关键词
双开槽箱梁 /
颤振 /
气动措施 /
风洞试验
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Key words
double-slotting /
flutter /
aerodynamic control /
wind tunnel test
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