通过对粘滞阻尼器消能减震钢框架结构模型在刚性地基和群桩地基条件下进行对比振动台试验，研究土-结动力相互作用（SSI）对阻尼器减震效果的影响。根据量纲分析法确定了试验模型与原型的相似关系。采用粉质粘土作为试验用土，采用叠层剪切型土箱以减轻边界的影响。上部结构为5层钢框架，消能元件为粘滞阻尼器。通过振动台试验获取了不同地震输入下减震结构及非减震结构在不同基础条件下的动力特性、楼层加速度及位移的地震反应数据。对于桩基础模型，测量了桩身应变及桩土接触面的压力值。试验结果表明：对于非减震结构，SSI效应使结构体系的阻尼比有较大的提高，而对于减震结构，SSI效应对结构体系的阻尼比影响则不大；SSI效应对结构楼层加速度反应具有显著的影响，其对上部结构地震反应的主要影响体现为减震效应, 且随着地震输入量级的增大，减震效应愈大，群桩基础上阻尼器的减震效率与刚性地基相比具有较大程度的下降；对于桩基础结构，阻尼器在降低上部结构反应的同时，减小了桩基础的地震反应，上部结构和基础两个方面的安全性都得到了提高。
Abstract
In order to investigate the seismic reduction effect of viscous dampers in structures, the shaking table tests of a steel frame energy dissipated structure on rigid and pile group foundations were conducted. The similarity relationship between the original structure and the experimental model was obtained according to dimensional analysis. The soil used in the test was silty clay and a laminar shear container was fabricated to reduce the boundary effect. The super-structure was a five storey steel frame model, viscous dampers were used as the energy dissipaters. The data of structural dynamic characteristics, floor accelerations and displacements with and without viscous dampers under seismic excitations for different base conditions were obtained by the shaking table tests. For pile group supported model, the strain of plie and the contact pressure of soil-pile interface are aslo measured. The results indicate that: for structures without dampers, the damping ratio of the system have a considerable increase due to SSI effect; however, for structures with dampers, the SSI effect have little influence on the damping ratio of the system. The floor accelerations have a reduction considering the SSI effect and the extend of reduction increases with the increase of input earthquake intensity. The efficiency of the dampers for pile group foundaitons have a great decline compared with that of fixed foundations. The dampers can not only reduce the response of the super structure, but also the response of the piles.
关键词
粘滞阻尼器 /
土-结构相互作用 /
振动台试验 /
动力特性 /
地震反应
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Key words
viscous dampers /
soil-structure interaction effect /
shaking table tests /
dynamic characteristics /
seismic response
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