泡沫轻质土在公路路基上应用广泛，但尚未在高速铁路路基上应用。本文提出一种泡沫轻质土的高速铁路新型减振路基材料。通过对其密度，强度，应力应变特性进行深入探究，结合单轴压缩试验，研究不同养护龄期下的泡沫轻质土湿密度对抗压强度的影响。采用有限元软件建立传统材料和新型材料下的高速铁路路基模型，通过室内试验和资料调研得到材料参数，梁-弹性半空间模型模拟列车移动荷载，并将泡沫轻质土与传统路基材料在高速铁路路基上应用时分别产生的动响应进行对比研究。结果表明：泡沫轻质土的抗压强度与湿密度之间具有良好的相关性，抗压强度随着养护龄期的增长而增大，且早期增长较快，后期增速逐渐降低。相对于传统路基，新型路基基床表层、基床填土和地基基础的动应力都有一定程度的减弱，其中基床表层和基床填土的减振能力最为明显，消减幅度分别为3.75kPa和2kPa，地基基础相对减振0.78kPa。但在基床底层减振方面，传统路基材料反而比新型路基材料在基床底层上减振3.5kPa，故不建议将新型材料应用于基床底层。综上，泡沫轻质土在高速铁路路基领域具备很大的发展潜力，研究成果可为高速铁路路基的进一步减振研究提供参考。
Abstract
Foam light soil is widely used in highway subgrade, but not in high speed railway subgrade. This paper presents a new-type anti-vibration roadbed material of foam light soil in high speed railway subgrade. This paper studies the influence of the wet density of foam light soil on its compressive properties under different curing period through further studying its density, strength and stress-strain characteristics combined with the uniaxial compression test. Besides, the traditional and new-type high speed railway subgrade models are established by using finite element software, the material parameters are obtained by laboratory tests and data research, the train moving loads are simulated with beam-elastic half-space model, and a comparative study of the dynamic responses derived from foam light soil and traditional roadbed material when applied in high speed railway subgrade is carried out. The results show that there is a good correlation between wet density and compressive strength of foam light soil, and the compressive strength increases with the increase of curing period, and it increases quickly at early time, but gradually declines in later period. Compared to the traditional subgrade, this new-type subgrade gains an advantage in that the dynamic stress of the surface layer of subgrade bed, of the filling of subgrade bed, and of the subgrade foundation weakens to a certain degree. Because the anti-vibration capabilities of the surface layer and the filling of subgrade bed are improved most obviously with decrease range being 3.75kPa and 2kPa respectively and the vibration reduction value of the subgrade foundation is 0.78kPa. However, as for the anti-vibration effect on the bottom layer of subgrade, the anti-vibration value of the traditional roadbed is bigger than that of the new-type one by 3.5kPa. Hence, the application of this new material in the bottom layer of subgrade is not recommended. To sum up, foam light soil has a great potential in high speed railway subgrade, and this paper can provide references for further research on the anti-vibration of high-speed railway subgrade.
关键词
路基 /
泡沫轻质土 /
湿密度 /
动应力 /
减振
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Key words
subgrade /
foam light soil /
wet density /
dynamic response /
vibration
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