为了对低声压级、低频带声波达到理想的吸收效果，本文提出了一种金属片镶嵌薄膜的复合吸声结构。分析了复合结构局域共振机理：通过薄膜材料的弹性波与每个结构单元的共振特性相互作用，可以产生局域共振带隙，从而使薄膜中的行波不能进行传播。利用传递矩阵法计算了镶嵌结构与薄膜空腔结构结合后的声阻抗，得到理论的吸声系数。通过试验得到复合结构中结构单元和薄膜的阻尼系数与弹性系数，对复合结构进行吸声系数测试，与理论计算值进行对比，理论计算结果与试验吸声系数吻合较好。采用薄膜两侧镶嵌结构单元与一侧的进行试验比较，得到两侧镶嵌结构的吸收峰值附近频带较宽，一些吸声系数达到0.95，实现了低频噪声的高效吸收。
Abstract
To realize the ideal absorption effect about low-decibel and low-frequency band, the theory model about the metal strip of distribution in membrane structure is established, the locally resonant mechanism of the complex structure is analyzed. The interaction between the elastic wave through membrane and the resonance characteristic of structure unit, which lead to locally resonant band gaps. So the wave in membrane is prevented propagation. The sound impedance of complex structure is calculated by transfer matrix, the sound absorption coefficient of theory is obtained. The damped and elastic coefficient of structure unit and membrane in complex structure is tested, the comparison between theory and experiment value in complex structure. The comparison of the sound absorption coefficient between the test value and the theoretical value is a certain line. Finally, the complex structure involved in two sides of structure unit is tested, the frequency band is wider than one side of structure unit in absorption peak, some sound absorption coefficients is close to 0.95, the low-frequency noise is absorbed efficiently.
关键词
金属片 /
复合结构 /
局域共振 /
传递矩阵 /
声阻抗
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Key words
metal strip /
complex structure /
locally resonant /
transfer matrix /
sound impedance
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