为认识动剪切模量比和阻尼比非线性试验误差及其对地震动的影响，采用试验和数值模拟手段，研究了动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验误差并提出其概率分布特征，以及这一误差对土层地震动计算结果的影响和规律，给出了其对地震动影响的风险水平。设计了离散性最大和最小的两种代表性试验组，通过单台共振柱仪试验给出了试验误差的概率统计指标。同时设计不同类别场地和不同地震波输入，完成风险分析。结果表明：两种类别组的动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验数据均服从正态分布，二者试验均值接近，但变异系数相差5倍左右；动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验误差对地震动计算结果有重要影响，影响程度随试验误差增大、场地变软和地震强度增加而增大，其中试验误差和场地类别起主要作用；以对场地地震动产生不可忽视影响为阈值，初级技术人员动剪切模量和阻尼比的试验误差对中硬场地的风险水平为35%，对软场地则为50%；就一般情况，应强化共振柱试验技术规程，提高试验人员技术水平，否则会对工程结构的地震动输入估计造成很大风险。
Abstract
To study the testing errors of nonlinear dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio using resonant column apparatus and their effect on ground motion, the testing errors of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio and the probability distribution characteristics are presented. The influence of testing errors on calculating surface ground motion is analyzed and the risk level of the influence is presented by numerical simulation. Two experimental groups representing the largest and the smallest dispersion are designed, and then the probability distribution characteristics of testing errors are obtained. The results of risk assessment of the influence of testing errors on surface ground motion are simulated by inputting typical seismic motion but varying amplitudes on three classes of sites. The results show that the testing errors of dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio of the two groups are both normally distributed with close mean values, but the variation coefficients of the two groups are different by 5 times. The influence of testing errors of dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio on surface ground motion increases with increasing testing errors, softening of site and increasing earthquake intensity, yet the testing errors and site classes play major roles. Taking the fact that the influence on the surface ground motion cannot be ignored as a threshold, the influence of testing errors of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio by the preliminary group has 35% and 50% of the risk for medium stiff site and soft site, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the technical regulations of resonance column tests, and to improve the technicians’ skills, otherwise it will cause significant risk to the ground-motion input for engineering structures.
关键词
动剪切模量比和阻尼比 /
试验误差 /
概率分布 /
地震动 /
风险评价
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Key words
dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio /
test error /
probability distribution /
ground motion /
risk assessment
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