舰艇噪声控制实验中，为保证模型和实艇的声学相似性，增大模型比例是关键，实际上，大比例舰艇模型的声学实验很难在消声水池中进行，因此，天然有限水域试验场成为首选。在有限水域试验场中进行大型复杂结构的水下声振试验，声信号测量和数据处理至关重要。天然有限水域边界条件未知，水文环境及声传播特性复杂，仿真难度高，增加了水声信号的处理难度。基于标准声源试验研究某有限水域试验场的声传播特性，实质上是把水下辐射声压级测量值归一到距标准声源单位距离处的声压级，采用AcTUP软件对试验场的沉积层声学特性和水位选取原则进行探究，并基于射线声学理论对声压级试验值和理论值的偏差进行非相干分析，从而得到试验场基本声学参数对声传播特性的影响规律。
Abstract
In naval vessel noise control experiment, in order to guarantee the acoustic similarity between the vessel and its model, increasing the model proportion is the core. Actually, it is difficult to carry on large-scale model acoustic experiment in anechoic tank, thus, testing field in natural limited waters becomes the first choice. When vibration and noise control experiment of large complicated structures is conducted in limited water areas, acoustic signal measurement and data processing is of great significance. In natural limited waters, the boundary conditions of acoustic field are unknown, hydrological environment and characteristics of acoustic propagation are complex, difficulty of numerical simulation is big, which increases the processing difficulty of underwater acoustic signal. Experiment studying on acoustic transmitting characteristics of the testing field in limited waters based on reference sound source, in essence, is to transform the measured underwater acoustic radiation of ship at near-field into sound pressure level in the unit distance far away from reference source. Then, adopt AcTUP to explore acoustic characteristics of sedimentary layers and water level selecting principles of the testing field. Lastly, through incoherent analysis of the deviations between experimental values and theoretical values based on ray acoustic theory, the influence rule by basic acoustic parameters on the field acoustic transmitting characteristics is obtained.
关键词
有限水域 /
标准声源 /
水声信号处理 /
射线声学理论 /
非相干性分析 /
声传播特性
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Key words
limited waters /
reference sound source /
underwater acoustic signal process /
ray acoustic theory /
incoherent analysis /
acoustic transmitting characteristics
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