目前气动技术在现代工业技术发展过程中占有重要的地位，而作为执行元件的气缸的应用更是普遍，气缸的工作速度逐步向高速方向发展，而性能良好的缓冲装置对于气缸以稳定而低速的状态停靠在行程终点具有极其重要的作用。本文通过仿真和实验分析发现基于压力释放阀缓冲调节阀在气缸缓冲性能调节方面存在调节范围小，容易引发气缸活塞速度的振荡，进一步提出了一种新型缓冲装置，该新型缓冲装置通过气缸缓冲腔余隙容积与压力调节阀的分段调节来实现气缸良好缓冲的调整。接下来在构建具有新型缓冲装置的高速气缸AMESIM数值模型的基础上，对气缸活塞速度为3.0～3.7m/s，气缸执行系统可移动部件质量为4kg工况条件下进行了仿真分析，分析结果显示了气缸速度在3.0～3.5变化时，通过调节气缸缓冲腔的余隙容积大小即可实现最佳缓冲，而气缸速度在3.5～3.7m/s变化时，则通过调节压力调节阀来实现最佳缓冲。另外本文通过仿真得出了气缸实现良好缓冲的分段调节范围，稳定调节范围相比单纯基于压力释放阀的缓冲调节方式有了很好的提升。
Abstract
Currently pneumatic technology plays important role in modern industrial technology, and pneumatic cylinders are more generally taken as actuators, the operation speed of which is gradually improved, while cushioning device with good performance guaranteeing the pneumatic cylinder can stop in stable and slow speed status at the end of travel. Simulation and experiments analysis finds that the pneumatic cylinders with pressure relief valve used to manually regulate the cushioning properties in small adjustment range, easily lead to the oscillation of piston speed. A novel cushioning device is furtherly proposed to achieve better cushioning property, in which the clearance volume of cushion chamber and the spring compression of pressure regulating valve can be regulated according to the variation of piston speed. And then the AMESIM numerical model of high speed pneumatic with novel cushioning device is developed to perform simulation when the piston speed varied in 3.0~3.7m/s, and the mass of the moving parts in the actuator system is 4kg. The analysis result showed that when the maximum piston speed varies in 3.0 to 3.5m/s, the optimum cushion performance can be achieved by adjusting the clearance volume of cushion chamber, but the maximum piston speed varies in 3.5to 3.7m/s, the spring compression of pressure regulating valve can be regulated to achieve the optimum cushion performance. Furtherly the good cushion adjustment range of novel cushion device is determined through the simulation, which is wider comparing to original pressure relief valve.
关键词
高速气缸 /
新型缓冲装置 /
缓冲性能 /
AMESIM建模
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Key words
High speed pneumatic cylinder /
Novel cushion device /
Cushion performance /
AMESIM model
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