基于相轨迹的多裂纹管道超声导波检测研究

PDF(4815 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (23) : 114-122.

论文

基于相轨迹的多裂纹管道超声导波检测研究

温宇立1.2，武静1，林荣1，马宏伟1,2.3

作者信息 +

Multi-crack detection in pipes using ultrasonic guided wave based on phase trajectories

WEN Yu-li1，WU Jing1，LIN Rong1，NIE Zhen-hua1，MA Hong-wei1,2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

在超声导波多裂纹管道损伤检测中，缺陷回波信号幅值较小且波形复杂，不利于损伤的识别。基于混沌系统的初值敏感性及较强的噪声免疫特性，本文通过数值模拟和实验研究，验证了杜芬混沌系统的相轨迹识别多裂纹管道超声导波信号的有效性。首先给出了混沌系统相轨迹识别导波信号的原理，并结合超声导波检测，确定基于相轨迹识别的系统检测参数。然后利用ANSYS有限元软件和搭建的超声导波实验平台分别进行数值模拟和实验，获得超声导波在含有不同损伤大小的6m长的双裂纹管道中传播的数值模拟信号和实验信号，并在数值模拟信号中添加一定的高斯白噪声，用以分析噪声对混沌系统的影响。利用选取的杜芬混沌系统检测数值模拟信号与实验信号并进行对比验证，最后根据二分法确定缺陷位置。检测的相轨迹结果表明，该杜芬系统能够有效地免疫噪声并识别管道中的双裂纹小缺陷，并且提高了超声导波检测的灵敏度。

Abstract

In multi-crack detection of ultrasonic guided wave, defects are not easy to recognize because the amplitudes of defect echoes are small and the waveforms are complex. Here, an approach for detection of steel pipes was proposed based on phase trajectories of a Duffing chaotic system. Firstly, the principle of using a chaotic system’s phase trajectories to recognize ultrasonic guided wave signals was introduced, the parameters of the chaotic system were determined based on phase trajectories recognition combined with ultrasonic guided wave detection. Then, guided waves propagating in pipes were simulated via ANSYS, and the white Gaussian noises were added into the simulated signals to simulate the environmental noise. The test signals were obtained from a six-meter long steel pipe with different sizes of two-crack in it. The simulated and test guided wave signals were detected, respectively with the chosen Duffing chaotic system, they were compared. Finally, the defects’ position was determined with the dichotomy method. The detected phase trajectories results showed that the proposed approach can be applied to effectively recognize defects of two-crack in pipes, and it improves the sensitivity of ultrasonic guided wave detection.

导出引用

温宇立1.2，武静1，林荣1，马宏伟1,2.3. 基于相轨迹的多裂纹管道超声导波检测研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(23): 114-122

WEN Yu-li1，WU Jing1，LIN Rong1，NIE Zhen-hua1，MA Hong-wei1,2. Multi-crack detection in pipes using ultrasonic guided wave based on phase trajectories[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(23): 114-122

参考文献

[1]. Rose J L. Ultrasonic guided waves in solid media [M]. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
[2]. 程载斌, 王志华, 马宏伟. 管道应力波检测技术及研究进展[J]. 太原理工大学学报, 2003, 34(4): 426-431.
CHENG Zai-bin, WANG Zhi-hua, MA Hong-wei. A Brief Review on Damage Detection in Pipes Using Stress Wave Factor Technique [J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2003, 34(4): 426-431.
[3]. 周义清, 王志华, 马宏伟. 超声纵向导波进行管道裂纹检测的数值模拟[J]. 中北大学学报: 自然科学版, 2006, 27(3): 258-262.
ZHOU Yi-qing, WANG Zhi-hua, MA Hong-wei. Numerical
simulation of crack Detection in Pipes Using Ultrasonic Longitudinal Guided-wave [J]. JOURNAL OF NORTH UNIVERSITY OF CHINA (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION), 2006, 27(3): 258-262.
[4]. 钟凯慧, 张伟伟, 马宏伟. 利用纵向导波进行管道裂纹参数识别的实验研究[J]. 机械强度, 2012, 34(6): 854-861.
ZHONG Kai-hui, ZHANG Wei-wei, MA Hong-wei. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF CRACK PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION IN PIPES USING ULTRASONIC LONGITUDINAL GUIDED-WAVE [J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2012, 34(6): 854-861.
[5]. Lowe M J S, Alleyne D N, Cawley P. Defect detection in pipes using guided waves [J]. Ultrasonics, 1998, 36(1): 147-154.
[6]. Aristegui C, Lowe M J S, Cawley P. Guided waves in fluid-filled pipes surrounded by different fluids [J]. Ultrasonics, 2001, 39(5): 367-375.
[7]. 张喆斯, 马延鋆, 宋振华, 等. 磁致伸缩式纵向超声导波传感器的阻抗匹配设计[J]. 无损检测, 2015, 37(8): 43-47.
ZHANG Zhe-si, MA Yan-jun, SONG Zhen-hua, et al. Impedance Matching Optimization of Guided Wave Magnetostrictive Sensor for Large-Diameter Pipes [J]. Nondestructive Testing, 2015, 37(8): 43-47.
[8]. 何存富, 刘增华, 吴斌. 传感器在管道超声导波检测中的应用[J]. 传感器技术, 2004, 23(11): 5-8.
HE Cun-fu, LIU Zeng-hua, WU Bin. Application of transducers in pipes inspection using ultrasonic guided waves [J]. Journal of Transducer Technology, 2004, 23(11): 5-8.
[9]. Alleyne D, Cawley P. A two-dimensional Fourier transform method for the measurement of propagating multimode signals [J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1991, 89(3): 1159-1168.
[10]. 宋振华, 王志华, 马宏伟. 基于小波分析的超声导波管道裂纹检测方法研究[J]. 固体力学学报, 2009, 30(4): 368-375.
Zhenhua Song, Zhihua Wang, Hongwei Ma. STUDY ON WAVELET-BASED CRACK DETECTION IN PIPES USING ULTRASONIC LONGITUDINAL GUIDED-WAVE[J]. Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics, 2009, 30(4): 368-375.
[11]. 李月, 杨宝俊, 石要武, 等. 混沌振子用于强噪声下微弱正弦信号的检测[J]. 吉林大学自然科学学报, 2001 (1): 75-77.
LI Yue, YANG Bao-jun, SHI Yao-wu, et al. The Application of the Chaotic Oscillator to the Weak Sine Signal Detection in Strong Noise Based [J]. Acta Scientiarium Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis, 2001 (1): 75-77.
[12]. 李月, 杨宝俊, 石要武. 色噪声背景下微弱正弦信号的混沌检测[J]. 物理学报, 2005, 52(3): 526-530.
Li Yue, Yang Bao-jun, Shi Yao-Wu. Chaos-based weak sinusoidal signal detection approach under colored noise background [J].
[13]. 张淑清, 姜万录, 王玉田. 强噪声中弱信号检测的混沌方法及超声系统的实现 [J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2001, 15(2): 11-14.
ZHANG Shu-qing, JIANG Wan-lu, WANG Yu-tian. Chaos theory for weak signal detection in high noise environment and its application in ultrasonic wave detection [J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument, 2001, 15(2): 11-14.
[14]. 武静, 张伟伟, 马宏伟. 利用 Lyapunov 指数实现超声导波检测的实验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2014, 33(24): 82-87.
WU Jing, ZHANG Wei-Wei, MA Hong-wei. Tests for ultrasonic guided wave inspection using Lyapunov exponents [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2014, 33(24): 82-87.
[15]. 武静, 张伟伟, 聂振华, 等. 基于 Lyapunov 指数的管道超声导波小缺陷定位实验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 35(1): 40-53.
WU Jing, ZHANG Wei-Wei, Nie Zhen-hua, et al. Tests for datecting crack locations in a pipe with ultrasonic guided wave based on Lyapunov exponent [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 35(1): 40-53.
[16]. 张伟伟, 马宏伟. 利用混沌振子系统识别超声导波信号的仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2012, 31(19): 15-20.
ZHANG Wei-Wei, MA Hong-wei. Simulations of ultrasonic guided wave identification using a chaotic oscillator [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2012, 31(19): 15-20.
[17]. Murigendrappa S M, Maiti S K, Srirangarajan H R. Experimental and theoretical study on crack detection in pipes filled with fluid [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2004, 270(4): 1013-1032.