基于动态时间弯曲的轨道波形匹配方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11) : 246-251.

论文

基于动态时间弯曲的轨道波形匹配方法

朱洪涛，李姗，肖勇，魏晖

作者信息 +

Rail waveform matching method based on dynamic time warping#br#

ZHU Hong-Tao，LI Shan，XIAO Yong，WEI Hui

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

轨道平直度测量仪（简称平直尺）是轨道短波检测项目中非常重要的检测工具。由于平直尺测量范围有限，为了分析轨道短波的变化规律，需对所测波形进行匹配处理。首先对所测数据进行坐标转换，将待匹配数据统一在同一坐标系。传统匹配算法只能对坐标系内的曲线进行刚性的变换和匹配，无法解决不同坐标系下曲线的动态匹配问题。基于此提出了动态时间弯曲算法(DTW)，通过对时间轴的弯曲和变形，找到最短弯曲路径，以及待匹配曲线间的单点对应关系,通过计算最短弯曲路径可衡量匹配的好坏。本文利用平直尺对标准铁轨进行实际测量，并将传统算法中常用的基于区域的匹配算法同动态时间弯曲法进行对比。实验结果表明，利用动态时间弯曲法可实现短波的动态匹配，匹配精度比传统匹配算法提高约10倍，匹配误差较小，稳定性较好。

Abstract

Rail flatness measuring instrument is a very important detecting tool in rail shortwave detection items. Due to its limited measurement range, the rail waveform to be measured needs the matching treatment to analyze the rail shortwave change law. Firstly, the coordinate transformation is done for the measured data to be unified in the same coordinate system. The traditional matching algorithm could be used only for the rigid transform and matching of curves in the same coordinate system, and it could not solve dynamic matching of curves in different coordinate systems. Here, a dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm was proposed by bending and deforming the time axis to find the shortest bending path and the corresponding relation between point and point of curves to be matched. Whether the matching was good or bad was judged through calculating the shortest bending path. The rail flatness measuring instrument was used for the actual measurements of the standard rail. The traditional matching algorithm based on areas was compared with DTW. The test results showed that DTW algorithm can be used to realize the rail shortwave dynamic matching; its matching precision increases by 10 times compared with that of the traditional matching algorithm; it has a smaller matching error and a better stability.

导出引用

朱洪涛，李姗，肖勇，魏晖. 基于动态时间弯曲的轨道波形匹配方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018, 37(11): 246-251

ZHU Hong-Tao，LI Shan，XIAO Yong，WEI Hui. Rail waveform matching method based on dynamic time warping#br#[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(11): 246-251

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