以某两车道高速公路隧道为原型，针对隧道衬砌完好且背后无空洞、拱顶衬砌完好但背后有空洞、拱顶衬砌厚度不足且背后有空洞3类情况开展振动台模型试验，研究既有隧道衬砌背后空洞及衬砌厚度不足对隧道地震响应的影响。试验结果表明：衬砌背后空洞及衬砌厚度不足对隧道地震响应的影响很大，显著降低了隧道结构的抗震性能，改变了隧道地震破坏模式，衬砌厚度不足处和空洞处成为抗震薄弱部位。随着空洞范围和衬砌厚度不足程度的增加，这种影响随之增大。相比较而言，空洞对抗震性能的影响更明显，衬砌厚度不足的影响呈非线性变化。对于无缺陷情况，衬砌开裂部位为与隧道中轴线约成45°角的拱腰和墙脚位置；当存在拱顶衬砌背后空洞时，衬砌拱顶部位首先出现裂缝，以拱顶、墙脚和仰拱部位开裂为破坏特征；当拱顶衬砌厚度不足且存在空洞时，衬砌破坏均以拱顶及墙脚开裂为主。
Abstract
Taking a twolane highway tunnel as the engineering background, shaking table model tests were carried out under three different conditions, including a normal tunnel, a tunnel with the defect of void behind lining and a tunnel with the defects of both void behind lining and insufficient thickness of lining. The influences of the defects on the seismic responses of tunnel were analyzed. The model tests show that the defects of lining significantly affects its seismic behavior. The seismic performance of the tunnel structure is obviously reducesd, the failure mode of the tunnel is changed, and the parts of lining thinning and void behind lining become the regions with weak tunnel seismic resistance. The effect increases with the increase of void range and thinning degree, the influence of the void on the seismic performance is greater than the lining thinning, and yet it is of nonlinearity. For the model test condition one, cracks appear in the conjugate 45° directions with the central axis of the lining structure. For the model test condition two, the cracks first appear on the vault, and the failure mode of the lining is characterized by the cracks on the vault, at the corner and on the invert of tunnel. For the model test condition three, the crack damages of lining appear mainly on the vault and at the corner.
关键词
隧道工程 /
衬砌背后空洞 /
衬砌厚度不足 /
振动台试验 /
地震响应
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
Tunnelling engineering /
void behind lining /
insufficient thickness of lining /
shaking table test /
seismic response
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 高波，王峥峥，袁松，等. 汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J]. 西南交通大学学报，2009，44(3)：336-341，374.
GAO Bo, WANG Zhengzheng, YUAN Song, et al. Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnels in Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University, 2009, 44(3): 336-341,374.
[2] 于媛媛. 山岭隧道衬砌结构震害机理研究[D]. 哈尔滨：中国地震局工程力学研究所，2013.
[3] WANG W. L., WANG T. T., SU J. J., et al. Assessment of damages in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2001, 16: 133-150.
[4] 蒋树屏，文栋良，郑升宝. 嘎隆拉隧道洞口段地震响应大型振动台模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(4)：649-656.
JIANG Shuping, WEN Dongliang, ZHENG Shengbao. Large-scale shaking table test for seismic response in portal section of Galongla Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011, 30(4): 649-656.
[5] 李林，何川，耿萍，等. 浅埋偏压洞口段隧道地震响应振动台模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(12)：2540-2548.
LI Lin, He Chuan, Geng Ping, et al. Study of shaking table model test for seismic response of portal section of shallow unsymmetrical loading tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(12): 2540-2548.
[6] 崔光耀, 王明年, 于丽, 等. 汶川地震断层破碎带段隧道结构震害分析及震害机理研究[J]. 土木工程学报，2013，46(11)：122-127.
CUI Guangyao, Wang Mingnian, Yu Li, et al. Study on the characteristics and mechanism of seismic damage for tunnel structures on fault rupture zone in Wenchuan seismic disastrous area[J]. Chinese Civil Engineering Journal, 2013, 46(11): 122-127.
[7] 何川，李林，张景，等. 隧道穿越断层破碎带震害机理研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2014，36(3)：427-434.
HE Chuan，LI Lin，ZHANG Jing，et al. Seismic damage mechanism of tunnels through fault zones[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(3):427-434.
[8] 耿萍，唐金良，权乾龙，等. 穿越断层破碎带隧道设置减震层的振动台模型试验[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版)，2013，44(6)：2520-2526.
GENG Ping, TANG Jinliang, QUAN Qianlong, et al. Shaking table test for tunnel with shock absorption layer though fault zone[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2013, 44(6): 2520-2526.
[9] 信春雷，高波，周佳媚，等. 跨断层隧道抗减震措施性能振动台试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2014，36(8)：1414-1422. XIN Chun-lei, GAO Bo, ZHOU Jia-mei, et al. Shaking table tests on performances of anti-seismic and damping measures for fault-crossing tunnel structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(8): 1414-1422.
[10] 刘云，高峰. 跨断层隧道动力特性大型振动台试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2016，35(12)：160-165.
LIU Yu, GAO Feng. Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics of a tunnel-crossing fault using a shake-table test[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(12): 160-165.
[11] SHIMIZU M, Suzuki T, Kato S, et al. Historical damages of tunnels in Japan and case studies of damaged railway tunnels in the mid niigate prefecture earthquakes[C]. Underground Space, 2007:1937-1943.
[12] 崔光耀，刘维东，倪嵩陟，等. 汶川地震公路隧道普通段震害分析及震害机制研究[J]. 岩土力学，2015，36(s2)：439-446.
CUI Guangyao, LIU Weidong , NI Songzhi, et al. Analysis of seismic damage and mechanism of general section of highway tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36(s2): 439-446.
[13] 张素磊. 隧道衬砌结构健康诊断及技术状况评定研究[D]. 北京：北京交通大学，2012.
[14] HWANG J H, LU C C. Seismic capacity assessment of old Sanyi railway tunnels[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2007, 22:433-449.
[15] GOMES R C. Effect of stress disturbance induced by construction on the seismic response of shallow bored tunnels[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2013,49:338-351.
[16] 邓涛，章仕灵，姚金梅，等. 考虑地震作用的山岭隧道空洞加固方案优化研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2013，9(3)：640–645，696.
DENG Tao，Zhang Shiling，Yao Jinmei，et al. Research on optimized tunnel cavity reinforcement scheme considering the earthquake action[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2013, 9(3): 640–645,696.
[17] 聂子云，张春雷，李凤翔. 衬砌背后空洞对隧道抗震性能影响分析[J]. 地震工程学报，2015，37(1)：138–143.
NIE Ziyun, Zhang Chunlei, Li Fengxiang. Effect of void behind lining on seismic performance of tunnel[J]. Chinese Earthquake Engineering Journal, 2015, 37(1): 138–143.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
PDF(1274 KB)
