针对部分充液罐车转向或制动过程中罐体内液体的晃动问题，建立了液罐车内液体晃动的三维力学模型，通过与准静态模型以及罐体内液体晃动的试验结果进行对比，验证了模型的有效性。研究了防波板的几何参数（开孔的大小、形状及位置等）对液体瞬态晃动时的载荷转移及晃动力的影响。评估了防波板不同的几何参数下，作用在罐体端面以及单个防波板上的力。发现了在中等或高充液比的情况下，在防波板和罐体端面或者相邻防波板之间的密闭空间将产生很大的空气压力。研究结果表明，防波板的几何参数对液体载荷的载荷转移量、晃动产生的作用力以及俯仰力矩均有很大的影响。空气压力可以减小液体的载荷的纵向转移量，从而抑制液体的晃动，提高车辆的制动性能。
Abstract
A 3-D liquid slosh dynamic model was established for a liquid-partially filled tank truck in course of rotating or braking. The validity of this model was verified through comparing the calculating results obtained using this model with those obtained using tests and a quasi-static model. Both of them agreed well. The effects of geometry parameters including holes’size,shape and location of a wave cutter on load shifting and sloshing force when liquid sloshed transiently were studied. Forces acting on tank end face and individual wave cutter were evaluated under various geometry parameters of wave cutters. Large air pressure on wave cutters,tank end face and confined space between wave cutters was found under medium or high liquid-filling ratios. The results showed that geometry parameters of wave cutters have large effects on liquid load shifting,slosh forces and pitch moment; air pressure can reduce longitudinal liquid load shifting to suppress liquid slosh and improve the braking performance of the tank truck.
关键词
液罐车 /
液体晃动 /
防波板 /
气体压力
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Key words
tank truck /
liquid slosh /
wave cutter /
air pressure
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