阻尼片作为控制车辆振动噪声的主要手段之一，其损耗因子和制造厚度的鲁棒性是造成车辆NVH性能波动的主要因素之一。本文主要对阻尼片进行研究以控制车辆NVH性能的波动，首先，建立阻尼片材料的四因子模型，采用麦夸特法对模型参数进行求解以获取损耗因子的不确定分布特性；采用模态应变能方法确定铺设阻尼片的位置；以阻尼片厚度为设计变量，以材料损耗因子为随机变量，运用组合优化方法遗传算法（GA）和序列二次规划法（SQP）组合进行鲁棒性优化设计，在保证车内声压级水平的条件下降低车辆噪声的波动性。以某MPV车型为算例进行优化设计，优化后单目标函数（SOF）均值为0.465，标准方差为0.0047，可靠性达到99.8%，比初始设计值提高了近1倍。
Abstract
Damping sheet is one of main means to control vibration and noise of vehicles, the robustness of its loss factor and manufacturing thickness is one of main factors causing vehicles’ NVH performance fluctuation.Here, the damping sheet was studied to control vehicles’ NVH performance fluctuation.Firstly, a four-factor model for damping material was built, Marquardt method was used to solve the model’s parameters and obtain damping material loss factor’s uncertain distribution characteristics.Then, the modal strain energy method was adopted to determine laying location of damping sheet.Finally, taking thickness of damping sheet as the design variable and loss factor as the random variable, the combined optimization method of the genetic algorithm (GA) and the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) one was applied to do the robustness optimization design and reduce the fluctuation of vehicle interior noise under the condition of ensuring the sound pressure level inside vehicle.Taking a MPV model as an example, the optimization design was performed.The results showed that the mean value of the single objective function (SOF) is 0.465 and its standard deviation is 0.004 7; the reliability reaches 99.8%, it’s almost double the initial design value.
关键词
阻尼片 /
四因子模 /
麦夸特算法 /
制造稳健性 /
车内噪声
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Key words
Damping sheet /
Four factor model /
Marquardt algorithm /
Manufacturing robustness /
Interior noise
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