基于自适应频带冲击强度的滚动轴承故障量化评估

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振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (19) : 30-38.

论文

张龙 1,2,3,成俊良 2，李兴林3，杨世锡 1

作者信息 +

Fault quantitative evaluation of rolling bearings based on shock value of selected frequency band

ZHANG Long1,2,3, CHENG Junliang2,LI Xinglin3,YANG Shixi1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

滚动轴承故障程度量化评估是实现其有效剩余寿命预测和状态维修的基础，目前广泛研究的基于距离和概率相似度量的故障定量评估方法存在计算复杂且易于过早饱和等缺点，不利于在线监测应用。常规时域统计指标如均方根值（Root mean square , Rms）因具有计算简单且与故障发展趋势一致性较好等优点，在工程实际中得到广泛应用，但Rms对早期故障不够敏感。针对上述不足，本文提出了一种新的故障量化评估指标——自适应频带冲击强度（Shock value of selected frequency band, SVsb）。首先利用提出的包络谱谱峰因子（Crest of envelope spectrum, Ec）对复平移Morlet小波滤波器的中心频率和带宽参数进行优化选择，得到自适应最优滤波器并对分析信号进行滤波；再将滤波信号的Rms值与Ec值的乘积作为故障程度评估指标。该指标包含的Rms和Ec分别反映了滤波频带内信号的总强度和冲击分量所占比例，因此能有效反映滚动轴承循环冲击故障特征的强弱，从而量化评估冲击类故障程度。人工植入故障实验数据和滚动轴承疲劳试验数据分析表明本文方法能够有效跟踪轴承故障发展趋势并对早期故障敏感。

Abstract

Fault quantitative evaluation of rolling bearings is a basis to realize their effective residual life prediction and condition-based maintenance.The present fault quantitative evaluation method based on distance and probabilistic similarity measure has disadvantages of complicated calculation and easy premature saturation, and is unfavorable to on-line monitoring application.In traditional time domain, the statistical index of root mean square (RMS) has advantages of simple to calculate and good consistency with fault development trend, and it is widely used in engineering practice.Unfortunately, RMS is insensitive to incipient faults.Here, a new fault quantitative evaluation index named shock value of selected frequency band (SVSB) was proposed.Firstly, the crest of envelope spectrum (EC) was used to optimally select the central frequency and band width parameters of Morlet wavelet filter to obtain the adaptive optimal filter and do filtering for the analyzed signals.SVSB was defined as the product of RMS and EC of the filtered signals, RMS and EC represented the signal’s total intensity within the filtered frequency band and the ratio of fault induced impact components to the former, respectively.Thus, SVSB revealed effectively the strength of cyclic impact fault in rolling bearings to quantitatively evaluate their impact fault level.The test data for artificially introduced faults and rolling bearings’ fatigue test data showed that SVSB can trace rolling bearings’ fault development trend; it is sensitive to incipient faults.

导出引用

张龙 1,2,3,成俊良 2，李兴林3，杨世锡 1. 基于自适应频带冲击强度的滚动轴承故障量化评估[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018, 37(19): 30-38

ZHANG Long1,2,3, CHENG Junliang2,LI Xinglin3,YANG Shixi1. Fault quantitative evaluation of rolling bearings based on shock value of selected frequency band[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(19): 30-38

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