非对称类声学超材料的低频宽带吸声特性

牛嘉敏1,2, 吴九汇2

振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (19) : 45-49.

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PDF(1034 KB)
振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (19) : 45-49.
论文

非对称类声学超材料的低频宽带吸声特性

  • 牛嘉敏1,2, 吴九汇2
作者信息 +

Low frequency wide band sound absorption performance of asymmetric type acoustic metamaterials

  • NIU Jiamin1,2, WU Jiuhui2
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摘要

低频声波的控制长期以来是一个具有挑战性的课题,当前热点研究的膜类声学超材料能够解决低频的问题,然而吸声共振频率的降低是以牺牲共振带宽为代价的,即要达到低频吸声的需求只能降低吸声带宽。以吸收型膜类声学超材料为研究对象,研究共振质量块的非对称性对结构低频、宽频吸声性能的影响,并得出了以下结论:在非对称模式下,结构整体的吸声性能得到了极大的提高,吸声带宽从原来的窄频扩大为宽频;等效质量密度经过零点的频率都对应于吸声系数的峰值,在非对称模式的影响下,结构的整体弹性应变能在全频段内高于对称模式的应变能;因结构非对称性引起的各阶吸声峰值频率受共振块的质量调节,并呈现一定的规律,依据该规律最终设计了一种吸声结构,并通过数值计算达到了低频宽带的吸声效果。此研究对改善膜类声学超材料的低频宽带吸声性能有着重要的指导意义。

Abstract

Low frequency sound wave control is a challenging subject, and membrane-type acoustic metamaterials for current hot research can deal with it.However, the sound-absorbing resonant frequency’s dropping is at the expense of resonant bandwidth.Here, the sound-absorbing membrane-type acoustic metamaterials were taken as the study object to study the effects of a resonance mass’s asymmetry on structure’s low frequency wide band sound-absorbing performance.The results showed that the sound absorption performance of a whole structure significantly increases under structural asymmetric mode, and the sound absorption bandwidth is widened; the frequencies for zero equivalent mass density are corresponding to peak values of sound absorption coefficient; a structure with asymmetric modes has higher elastic strain energy than that with symmetry modes does within a full frequency range; each sound absorption peak frequency caused by structure’s asymmetry is adjusted by the mass of a resonant block and reveals a certain law; according to this law, a sound-absorbing structure is designed to achieve the sound absorption effect with low frequency and wide band through numerical calculation.This study provided a theoretical guide for improving low frequency wide band sound-absorbing performance of membrane-type acoustic metamaterials.

关键词

低频 / 宽带 / 非对称 / 声学超材料

Key words

low frequency / wide band / asymmetry / acoustic metamaterials

引用本文

导出引用
牛嘉敏1,2, 吴九汇2. 非对称类声学超材料的低频宽带吸声特性[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018, 37(19): 45-49
NIU Jiamin1,2, WU Jiuhui2. Low frequency wide band sound absorption performance of asymmetric type acoustic metamaterials[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(19): 45-49

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