多波束测深声呐作为一种用于水下成像的声呐,已经成为国内外海洋科学研究、海底资源开发、海洋工程建设等海洋活动中最主要的海洋调查勘测仪器之一,然而本文所介绍的多波束合成孔径声呐是结合了合成孔径声呐技术和多波束测深技术的一种新型成像声呐,可以更好地满足水下地形地貌的探测需求。本文基于多波束合成孔径声呐理论,构建该声呐模型系统进行相关实验验证。实验中将直径13cm的空心双球分置于基阵单侧入水,发射信号是主频为180kHz,脉宽为1ms,带宽为8kHz的线性调频信号,在航迹向的不同采样位置以无指向性的声源对其进行照射,经过合成孔经处理得到高精度的多波束合成孔径声呐图像,通过与多波束测深声呐及侧扫合成孔径声呐的成像结果进行对比,验证了多波束SAS成像理论的有效性和正确性,并在此基础上分析多波束合成孔径声呐的优缺点,为进一步研究提供参考依据。
Abstract
As an underwater imaging sonar, the multi-beam echo sounding sonar (MBES) becomes one of the major oceanographic surveying tools in ocean activities, such as, marine scientific research, seabed resource development, ocean engineering construction and so on. The multi-beam synthetic aperture sonar (MBSAS) was proposed here, it was a combination of conventional synthetic aperture sonar and multi-beam echo sounding sonar to better meet the demands of underwater topography detection. Based on the MBSAS theory, the model of MBSAS was established to conduct verification tests. In tests, two hollow balls with the diameter of 13 cm were put into water at the single side of the basic matrix to transmit LFM signals with the center frequency of 180 kHz, the impulse width of 1ms and the bandwidth of 8 kHz. The targets were illuminated by sound sources with no directivity at different sampling positions along the course. Multi-beam synthetic aperture sonar images with high precision were obtained through the synthetic aperture processing. After comparing the imaging results of MBSAS with those of MBES and the side-scan synthetic aperture sonar (SSSAS), the MBSAS imaging theory’s effectiveness and correctness were verified. Advantages and disadvantages of MBSAS were analyzed, the results provided a reference for the future study.
关键词
多波束SAS /
成像声呐 /
水池实验
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Key words
multi-beam synthetic aperture sonar /
imaging sonar /
anechoic tank test
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