为了研究新型纤维增强镁合金混杂层合板在低速冲击下的力学响应，本文分别对由玻璃纤维、碳纤维和二者混杂增强的AZ31B镁合金层合板在不同冲击能量下的落锤低速冲击试验进行了数值模拟。基于镁合金各向异性塑性本构和指数关系界面脱粘内聚力本构模型，同时纤维复合材料层采用三维Hashin失效准则且引入刚度折减，编写了复合材料层板损伤的VUMAT子程序，并将该子程序嵌入ABAQUS/Explicit中实现对层合板冲击过程的模拟。研究了该纤维层合板在不同冲击能量下的动态冲击响应以及脱粘与损伤演化规律，分析了冲击载荷、形变和能量吸收随时间的变化规律。模拟结果表明：在冲击能较小时，首先在冲击背面出现基体开裂，随着冲击能的增加，层合板受冲击面出现由无明显损伤到出现基体开裂和纤维断裂的现象；与单一碳纤维增强的镁合金层合板复合材料相比，单一玻璃纤维增强的镁合金层合板在冲击载荷作用时能够吸收更多的能量，碳纤维层内混杂合适的玻璃纤维铺层能够提高碳纤维增强镁合金层合板的抗冲击性能。
Abstract
In order to investigate the low-velocity impact response of novel fiber reinforced magnesium alloy laminates, the numerical simulations of low velocity drop weight impact tests on AZ31B magnesium alloy laminates reinforced with glass fiber, carbon fiber and their hybrids under different impact energies were conducted.The magnesium alloy, the interfacial delamination between two neighboring layers and the fiber/epoxy composites in the fiber/AZ31B Mg laminates were modeled by using an anisotropic plastic constitutive model, an exponential cohesive zone model, and 3D Hashin failure criteria incorporated with the stiffness reduction of failed elements respectively.In addition, the numerical analyses on the low-velocity impact of different fiber/Mg laminates were carried out by using ABAQUS/Explicit with a user-defined subroutine VUMAT to predict the dynamic impact response, delamination as well as damage evolution under different impact energies.Meantime, the variations of impact force, deformation and energy absorption with time were also analyzed.The results show that the matrix cracking first occurs at the backside, while the matrix cracking and fiber breakage could also appear at the impact side with the increasing of impact energy.Compared with a single carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite/magnesium alloy laminate, a single glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite/magnesium alloy/laminate can absorb more energy under impact load.Hybrid carbon fiber and glass fiber composite laminates can provide the best impact-resistant properties when the glass layers are at the down layer.
关键词
纤维镁混杂层合板 /
低速冲击 /
脱粘 /
损伤演化 /
VUMAT
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Key words
Fiber magnesium hybrid laminates /
low velocity impact /
delamination /
damage evolution /
VUMAT
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