远场长周期地震动具有长持时、低频成份丰富等特征，部分地震动后期振动阶段产生多个循环脉冲，类似谐和振动；其可能对隔震建筑等长周期结构的抗震性能带来不利影响，需深入探讨。首先讨论远场长周期地震动的运动特征。然后以8条远场长周期地震与3条普通地震记录作为地震动输入，对一幢钢筋混凝土框架层间隔震结构进行了非线性地震反应分析。探讨地震波中的长周期成份，尤其类谐和成份对隔震结构减震性能的影响。提出在隔震层增设黏滞阻尼器，形成组合隔震方案；分析其对隔震层的限位保护效果与对隔震结构的非线性减震效果。结果表明：远场长周期地震作用下层间隔震结构的减震效果相比普通地震作用下的减震效果变差。特别在远场类谐和罕遇地震作用下，层间隔震结构的非线性响应相比抗震结构几乎无减小，甚至显著放大；隔震支座最大位移远超越其允许位移。组合隔震能较有效地控制远场长周期地震、特别是远场类谐和地震作用下隔震结构的非线性反应，尤其可显著减小隔震支座的最大位移，防止隔震支座破坏。
Abstract
Far-field long-period ground motions were featured by long duration and rich low frequency components. Particularly, multiple cycle pulses similar to harmonic vibration were generated at the late stage of some seismic waves. These may cause the adverse influence on the seismic performance of the long-period structures including the isolation building, which needed to be investigated deeply. To this end, the characteristics of far-field long-period ground motions were discussed. Then, six far-field long-period earthquake records and three common earthquake records were selected as the input of ground motions, and the seismic responses of a RC mid-story isolated frame structures were obtained by nonlinear analysis. Also, the impact of the long-period components of seismic waves, especially harmonic-like components on shock absorption performance were investigated. Further, a combined isolation scheme by the addition of viscous dampers in the isolation layer was proposed, and its effects on limiting deformation of the isolation layer and reducing nonlinear responses were explored. The results show that the effectiveness of the mid-story isolation subjected to far-field long-period ground motions on reducing nonlinear seismic responses are not as good as those subjected to common ground motions. Particularly, the nonlinear responses of the mid-story isolated structure are seldom reduced or significantly enlarged under the far-field harmonic-like strong ground motions when compared with those of the seismic structure, and the maximum displacement of isolation bearings is far beyond the allowable displacement. It is also indicated that the combined isolation can effectively control nonlinear responses of the mid-story isolated structure under far-field long-period ground motions, especially harmonic-like ground motions. In particular, the maximum displacement of the isolation bearings can be significantly decreased, preventing the destruction of the isolation bearing.
关键词
远场长周期地震 /
层间隔震结构 /
组合隔震 /
非线性反应 /
隔震层限位
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Key words
Far-field long-period ground motion /
Mid-story isolation structure;Combined isolation /
Nonlinear response;Limiting deformation of isolation layer
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