机电耦合作用下变频调速驱动风机轴系扭振失稳分析

PDF(1368 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6) : 168-173.

论文

张楚1张礼亮2 刘石1 高庆水1 邓小文1 杨毅1杨建刚2

作者信息 +

Torsional vibration instability analysis of a fan with variablefrequency drive under the effect of mechanical/electrical interaction

ZHANG Chu1, ZHANGLiliang2, LIU Shi1, GAO Qing-Shui1, DENG Xiao-Wen1, YANG Yi1, YANG Jian-Gang2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

以变频改造后的某台轴流引风机上发生的轴系损坏故障现象为例，建立了风机在矢量变频模式下运行时轴系机电耦合扭振动力学模型，研究了升速过程中传动轴角速度和扭矩变化情况，分析了扭矩脉动情况下的频谱特性，并开展了扭矩和扭振现场测试。研究结果表明，三相交流电经过变频器调制输出到电机的信号中含有大量谐波，风机变频运行在一定转速范围时，电机输出扭矩中的谐波分量与轴系扭转固有频率重合，就会导致传动轴出现扭转共振，有可能出现较大幅度的扭矩脉动。转速较高时，也有可能出现因机电耦合所引发的扭振失稳现象。因电机和风机的转动惯量相差很大，脉动情况下联轴器两侧扭振幅度差别较大，导致联轴器所承受的脉动扭矩较大，容易引发联轴器损坏和转轴裂纹，对设备安全运行产生很大影响。设备变频改造时，应对轴系扭转振动特性和强度进行分析和评估。

Abstract

The shaft torsional vibration model of an axial flow fan with variable frequency drive(VFD)was set up for the analysis of shaft break fault. The mechanical/electrical interaction effect of the fan with the vector convertor speed governing technique was considered. The variation of the driven shaft instant angular speed and torque during a run up process was simulated. The pulsation torque spectrum was given. The torsional vibration and the pulsation torque were measured in the field.It is shown that abundant harmonic components exist in the three phase signals output from the frequency converter. The harmonic components may coincide with the shaft torsional natural frequency in certain speed zone, which causes large torsional vibration and torque pulsation. In the high rotating speed zone, the selfexcited torsional vibration caused by the mechanical/electrical interaction effect may occur.The torsional amplitude of the shaft sections beside the both ends of the coupling is different due to the difference between the moments of inertia of the fan and motor. It causes high torque pulsation on the coupling and therefore the break of the shaft and coupling, which is of great influence on the safe and reliable operation of the fan. So, the torsional dynamics and shaft strength should be analyzed before the VFD modification.

导出引用

张楚1张礼亮2 刘石1 高庆水1 邓小文1 杨毅1杨建刚2. 机电耦合作用下变频调速驱动风机轴系扭振失稳分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018, 37(6): 168-173

ZHANG Chu1, ZHANGLiliang2, LIU Shi1, GAO Qing-Shui1, DENG Xiao-Wen1, YANG Yi1, YANG Jian-Gang2. Torsional vibration instability analysis of a fan with variablefrequency drive under the effect of mechanical/electrical interaction[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(6): 168-173

参考文献

[1] KEITH A, BRIAN D and T. FEESE. Failure analysis of an MVR (mechanical vapor recompressor) impeller[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2010, 17(6): 1345-1358.
[2]唐忠顺.一次风机主轴断裂原因分析及处理[J].风机技术,2011,2011(4):73-75.
TANG Zhongsun. Reason analysis and disposal for main shaft rupture of primary fan[J], Fan Technology,2011,2011(4):73-75.
[3] HUTTEN, V., BEER, C., KRAUSE, T.and DEMMIG, S. VSDS motor inverter design for compressor trains avoiding interharmonics in operating speed range[C]//Proceedings of the 41st Turbomachinery Symposium. Huston, Texas, USA: Turbomachinery Laboratory, Texas A&M University. 2012.
[4] KOCUR, J. A., JR. and CORCORAN, J. P. VFD induced coupling failure[C]//Proceedings of the 37th Turbomachinery Symposium. Huston, Texas, USA: Turbomachinery Laboratory, Texas A&M University. 2008.
[5] WANG, Q., FEESE, T. D., and PETTINATO, B. C. Torsional natural frequencies: measurement vs. prediction[C]//Proceedings of the 41st Turbomachinery Symposium. Huston, Texas, USA: Turbomachinery Laboratory, Texas A&M University. 2012.
[6]孟杰,陈小安,合烨.高速电主轴电动机—主轴系统的机电耦合动力学建模[J].机械工程学报,2007,43(12):160-165.
MENG Jie, CHEN Xiaoan,HE Ye. Electromechanical coupled dynamical modeling of high speed motorized spindle’s motor-spindle subsystem[J].JournalofMechanical Engineering,2007,43(12): 160-165.
[7]李年仔,郭玉杰,张晓斌,杨建刚.变频电机驱动轴系扭矩脉动特性试验研究[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(9):731-735.
LI Nianzai,GUO Yujie,ZHANG Xiaobin,YANG Jiangang. Experimental study on shaft torque fluctuation for variable frequency driven motors[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2014,34(9):731-735.
[8]吕浪,熊万里.基于机电耦合动力学模型的电主轴系统软启动特性[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(3):78-91.
LV Lang,XIONG Wanli. Soft starting behavior of a motorized spindle system based on electromechanical coupling dynamic model[J]. JournalofMechanical Engineering,2014,50(3):78-91.
[9]张义方,闫晓强,凌启辉.变频谐波诱发轧机传动非线性耦合振动研究[J].华南理工大学学报, 2014,42(7):62-67.
Zhang Yifang,Yan Xiaoqiang,Ling Qihui. Investigation into induction of nonlinear coupling vibration of main drive system of rolling mill by harmonics of variable frequency[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2014,42(7):62-67.
[10]张瑞成,童朝南.基于交流传动的轧机机电耦合系统振动特性分析[J].机械强度,2006,28(3):336-340.
ZHANG Ruicheng,TONG Chaonan. Analysis vibration characteristics of electromechanical coupling system of rolling mill based on AC drives[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength,2006,28(3):336-340.
[11]Anand Srinivasan. Analytical investigation of the effects of induction motor transients on compressor drive shafts[J], Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2012,134: 062503-1-062503-6.
[12] Xu Han, Alan B Palazzolo. VFD machinery vibration fatigue life and multi-level inverter effect[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2013,49(6):2562-2575.
[13]张加胜,马文忠,张磊等.现代交流变频调速系统[M].山东：中国石油大学出版社,2013.
Zhang Jiasheng, Ma Wenzhong, Zhang Lei, etc. Modern AC Variable Frequency Speed Control System[M].ShanDong: China University of Petroleum Press,2013.
[14]高景德,王祥珩,李发海.交流电机及其系统的分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
Gao Jingde, Wang Xiangheng, Li Fahai. Analysis of AC motor and its system[M].BeiJing: TsingHua University Press,2005.