基于S变换的简支梁结构损伤检测方法研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9) : 161-167.

论文

基于S变换的简支梁结构损伤检测方法研究

刘宁 1,2，刘四新 1 ，奚佳欣 2 ，张雪冰 3，姜立鑫2

作者信息 +

Damage detection method for simply supported RC beams based on S transformation

LIU Ning 1,2，LIU Sixin 1，XI Jiaxin 2，ZHANG Xuebing 3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

随着信号采集与处理技术、传感技术、无线通讯技术的不断进步，利用振动响应信号对发生在结构上的损伤进行检测已经做了大量的研究工作。信号处理方法是基于振动信号结构损伤检测的重要手段之一，目的是通过信号处理提取出振动信号中的微小变化，从而识别以及量化结构中的损伤程度。S变换可以看作为可变窗口的短时傅里叶变换或是小波变换的扩展。试验过程中对简支梁在跨中位置施加集中荷载，采取逐级等量加载方法。利用力锤激励获取每一级卸荷后的振动响应数据，并用S变换对损伤前、后的简支梁振动响应数据进行处理。实验结果表明，经S变换后得到的振动信号时频谱以及时频谱能量E，定性及定量的说明了随着荷载力的逐渐增大，裂缝在简支梁跨中位置发育，弹性波穿过时能量逐级衰减，当简支梁完全破坏时能量显著增强。同时也验证了S变换方法对不同荷载状态下简支梁结构损伤识别的有效性及可行性。

Abstract

With the signal acquisition and processing technology, the sensor technology, and the wireless communication technology’s continuing to make progress, a lot of studies are made to use vibration response signals to detect damages occurring in structures. The signal processing method is one of important means for structural damage detection based on vibration response signals, its purpose is to extract small changes in vibration signals to identify and quantify damage’s levels in structures. S transformation is a short time Fourier transformation (STFT) with a variable window or an extension of wavelet transformation (WT). Here, in a test, a concentrated load was exerted at the middle of a simply supported RC beam with the stepwise equal amount loading method. The vibration response signals after each step unloading were collected using a hammer excitation. Then the vibration data of the RC beam before damage and after damage were processed with S transformation. The test results showed that the obtained time-frequency spectra of the vibration signals and their time-frequency spectral energy E after using S transformation qualitatively and quantitatively describe crack’s developing at the middle position of the simply supported beam with increase in load, the energy attenuation step by step during elastic wave passing through, and the energy significant increase during the beam being completely destroyed; the effectiveness and feasibility of S transformation method for damage recognition of simply supported beams under different load conditions are also verified.

导出引用

刘宁 1,2，刘四新 1,奚佳欣 2,张雪冰 3，姜立鑫2. 基于S变换的简支梁结构损伤检测方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018, 37(9): 161-167

LIU Ning 1,2，LIU Sixin 1，XI Jiaxin 2，ZHANG Xuebing 3. Damage detection method for simply supported RC beams based on S transformation[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(9): 161-167

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