将纵-扭复合超声振动在应用于切削和焊接中，能够得到较好的加工质量，并可显著提高加工效率，延长刀具寿命。基于平面简谐波传播理论，推导了螺旋沟槽处反射横波的存在性，并进一步分析了螺旋沟槽结构的振型转换原理。利用数值解析法设计了复合变幅杆，并在其锥面开设螺旋沟槽，从而成功输出纵-扭复合振动。结合有限元分析探究了螺旋沟槽角度θ、沟槽槽宽d及槽深h对扭纵振动转换比e的影响规律，从而优化螺旋沟槽参数，并拟合出变幅杆端面某质点的振动轨迹，利用加工出的实体变幅杆对有限元分析结果进行了验证。
Abstract
The longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration applied in cutting and welding can not only achieve a better machining quality, but also significantly improve machining efficiency and prolong tool life. Here, based on the planar harmonic wave propagation theory, the existence of reflected shear wave at spiral grooves was deduced, and the principle of vibration mode conversion for spiral groove structures was further analyzed. A compound amplitude transformer was designed with the numerical analytic method, and spiral grooves were opened on its conical surface to successfully output longitudinal-torsional composite vibration. The effects of spiral groove angle θ, groove width d and depth h on the torsional-longitudinal vibration conversion ratio e were analyzed with the finite element method to optimize spiral groove parameters, and fit the vibration trajectory of a mass point at ends of the transformer. The finite element analysis results were verified with the actual amplitude transformer machined.
关键词
螺旋沟槽 /
振形转换 /
有限元分析 /
扭-纵振动转换比
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Key words
helical slots /
vibration transformation /
finite element analysis /
the torsional - longitudinal conversion ratio e
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