在部分车—人碰撞事故分析中，人—地间摩擦系数常常作为定值处理，再结合现场其它参数对车—人初始接触时刻的速度进行估算。现场参数的测量常存在诸多不确定性。根据车人碰撞事故案例探讨了行人落地姿态、车辆初速度与人—地摩擦系数之间的数学关系构建方法，同时建立面向人—地摩擦系数的可靠性模型。在此基础上进一步考察了人—地摩擦系数对于事故再现结果和车速推算结果的影响，给出了一定条件下车辆初速度判定的95%置信区间。分析结果表明，人—地摩擦系数对于行人落地姿态和车辆初速度的判定影响较为显著，在交通事故再现数值计算中，提高人—地摩擦系数参数的精度将有效提高事故再现的准确性和可信度。此研究方法还可应用于更多的事故类型，为交通事故鉴定提供理论参考。
Abstract
Traditionally, friction coefficient between human and ground, combining with various other parameters is considered as a constant to predict the pre-impact velocity of a car.It is impossible to accurately determine all these parameters used for simulation since there are uncertain factors at the accident scene.A method of constructing the relationship between calculation result and human-ground friction coefficient was proposed in this paper.By using the site measurement data and numerical simulation, we built a reliability analysis model related to the human-ground friction coefficient.Quantitatively analysis on the effect of reconstruction result and human-ground friction coefficient was conducted based on the above model.A 0.95 confidence interval of pre-impact velocity of car was also presented at last.Our analysis indicates that the friction coefficient between human and ground is of great significance for the estimation of the pre-impact velocity.That also reminds us reducing the error of friction coefficient measurement can help with obtaining a much more reliable result in vehicle-pedestrian contact collision accident reconstruction.
关键词
行人 /
事故再现 /
摩擦系数 /
可靠性分析 /
数值仿真
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Key words
pedestrian /
accident reconstruction /
friction coefficient /
reliability analysis /
numerical simulation
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参考文献
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