爆炸螺栓冲击响应的主要影响因素研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (13) : 42-49.

论文

爆炸螺栓冲击响应的主要影响因素研究

王军评，毛勇建，吕剑，黄含军

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Main influence factors on pyrotechnic-shock response of explosive bolts

WANG Junping, MAO Yongjian, L Jian, HUANG Hanjun

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摘要

根据爆炸螺栓动作的实际物理过程，在时序上划分为爆炸解锁和撞击两阶段，分别建立了预紧状态下爆炸螺栓爆炸解锁过程和撞击过程的数值模型，分析了耦合效应下冲击载荷的各主要因素（药量、预紧力、撞击部位材料）对结构响应的影响。结果表明：在爆炸解锁阶段，各区域响应随药量呈非线性递增，随预紧力呈线性递增；在近场区域，药量的变化对响应占主导作用；在中场区域，受药量和预紧力的双重控制；远场区域，主要由预紧力的变化主导。在螺柱撞击阶段，结构响应与撞击部位的材料特性紧密相关，具有较小屈服强度和较大塑性变形能力的材料，具有较好的吸能效果，结构的响应最小。

Abstract

According to actual physical process of explosive bolt action, it can be divided in time sequence into two stages of explosive unlock and shock. Here, the numerical models for an explosive bolt’s explosive unlock process and shock one under pre-tightened state were established, respectively to analyze effects of main factors of impact load, such as, explosive quantity, pre-tightened force and impact position’s material on structural response under coupled effect. The results showed that in explosive unlock stage, structural responses increase non-linearly with increase in explosive quantity, and increase linearly with increase in pre-tightened force; in near-field, change of explosive quantity dominates structural responses; in mid-field, structural responses are controlled by both explosive quantity and pre-tightened force; in far-field, structural responses are dominated by change of pre-tightened force; in shock stage, structural responses are closely related to material properties of impact position, materials with smaller yield strength and larger plastic deformation ability have better energy-absorbing effect to cause the minimum structural response.

关键词

爆炸分离冲击 / 结构响应 / 影响因素

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王军评，毛勇建，吕剑，黄含军. 爆炸螺栓冲击响应的主要影响因素研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(13): 42-49

WANG Junping, MAO Yongjian, L Jian, HUANG Hanjun . Main influence factors on pyrotechnic-shock response of explosive bolts[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 38(13): 42-49

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