考虑滚珠丝杠进给系统中各结合面接触刚度的影响，提出一种有限元建模方法，用于研究滚珠丝杠进给系统的动态特性。将丝杠螺母、导轨滑块和滚动轴承简化为弹簧-质量模型，基于Hertz接触理论推导出其接触刚度的计算公式，采用多单元混合的方法划分网格，建立整个进给系统的有限元模型，仿真得到承载台的前五阶模态振型和固有频率。采用锤击激励法对滚珠丝杠进给系统进行模态实验，实验结果表明仿真和实验得到的模态振型基本一致，固有频率的最大误差为8.9%。基于该有限元模型分析了主轴质量、滚动导轨副预紧力以及滑块间距对进给系统振型分布和固有频率的影响。本文提出的动力学建模方法和研究结果对滚珠丝杠进给系统的动态特性分析和结构优化具有一定的参考价值。
Abstract
Considering the contact rigidity of each contact surface from ball screw feed drives, a finite element (FE) modeling method was proposed.The screw nut, the linear guide, and the bearing were modeled by mass-spring systems.The contact rigidity was precisely calculated based on the Hertz contact theory.A dynamic model of the ball screw feed drive was established with an improved meshing scheme in ANSYS.The first-five vibration modes and natural frequencies were acquired.The modal experiment was conducted using hammer impact excitation.It is found that the simulated results correspond closely with the experimental data and the maximal error of the natural frequency is 8.9%.Based on the established model, the influences of the spindle quality, the linear guide preload, and the block interval were investigated.The work contributes to the vibration analysis and structure optimization of ball screw feed drives.
关键词
滚珠丝杠进给系统 /
动力学建模 /
Hertz接触 /
有限元仿真 /
模态实验
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Key words
ball screw feed drives /
dynamic model /
Hertz contact theory /
finite element simulation /
modal experiment
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