针对目前桥梁护栏在使用过程中出现的碰撞性能差、使用寿命短等问题，提出连续玄武岩纤维复合材料（BFRP）护栏。首先建立护栏碰撞仿真体系，然后利用非线性显式动力学软件LS-DYNA模拟BFRP护栏碰撞过程，并与钢制梁柱式护栏作对比。结果表明，碰撞过程中系统沙漏能小于10%的总能量，有限元模拟过程具有良好的仿真性能；在碰撞过程中车辆没有出现翻越、骑跨及穿越护栏的现象，BFRP护栏具有良好的导向性能；在碰撞过程中座椅位置处的纵横向加速度值均小于规范容许值，BFRP护栏对车辆有着良好的缓冲功能；相比钢护栏，BFRP护栏在碰撞过程中能够更好地降低车辆的加速度值，能够更好地吸收碰撞能量，因此BFRP护栏防撞性能要优于钢护栏。
Abstract
Aiming at problems of poor performance and short service life of bridge guardrails during use, a continuous basalt fiber composite guardrail was proposed.Firstly, the collision simulation system of the proposed guardrail was established, and then the collision process of the guardrail was simulated with the nonlinear explicit dynamics software LS-DYNA.Finally, the simulation results of the proposed guardrail were compared with those of a steel guardrail.The results showed that the proposed system’s hourglass energy is less than 10% of the total energy in collision process, so the finite element simulation process has a good simulation performance; in collision process, vehicles do not have phenomena of pass over guardrail, astride it, or pass through it, so the guardrail has a good guiding performance; in collision process, the longitudinal and transverse acceleration values at the seat position are less than the standard allowable values, so the guardrail has a good buffer function for vehicles; compared to steel guardrails, the proposed guardrail can better reduce vehicle’s acceleration and absorb collision energy, so the anti-collision performance of the proposed guardrail is better than that of steel guardrail.
关键词
桥梁 /
玄武岩纤维复合材料 /
数值模拟 /
护栏 /
碰撞加速度 /
能量吸收
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Key words
bridge /
BFRP /
numerical simulation /
guardrail /
acceleration /
energy absorption
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